Bobcats are present in Rhode Island. These wild cats, elusive and shy, are native to the state, though often unnoticed. Evidence confirms their presence and a growing population.
Evidence of Bobcats in Rhode Island
Bobcat populations in Rhode Island have shown a recovery in recent decades. After disappearing in the late 1700s and early 1800s, they resurged in the 1900s. The Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management (RIDEM) and the University of Rhode Island (URI) actively monitor these populations, confirming their presence.
Public observations are a key data source, with reported sightings increasing over the years. Only one bobcat sighting was reported to RIDEM in 2010, climbing to 119 in 2018 and 115 in 2023. These reports, often with visual confirmations or doorbell camera footage, help biologists track distribution. Road-killed bobcats, while unfortunate, offer biological information on age structure, diet, and reproductive potential.
Scientific studies enhance understanding of Rhode Island’s bobcats. RIDEM and URI researchers use GPS collars to track individual bobcats in areas like South Kingstown, Narragansett, and Charlestown, gathering data on movements and habitat preferences. Statewide trail camera surveys also document their distribution and relative abundance, providing a comprehensive picture.
Bobcat Habitats and Distribution
Bobcats exhibit adaptability, thriving in diverse environments across Rhode Island. They are found in various habitats, including swamps, grasslands, shrublands, forests, mountains, and agricultural areas. They prefer densely forested lands and thick brush, which provide cover and access to prey.
While bobcats are present throughout mainland Rhode Island, they concentrate in less developed, rural areas. Washington County, for example, reports some of the highest numbers of bobcat sightings. Their ability to coexist near human populations highlights their adaptable nature; they can venture into suburban backyards and cross roads without frequent observation due to their secretive habits.
Recognizing a Bobcat
Identifying a bobcat involves several distinct physical characteristics. These medium-sized wild cats are larger than a typical house cat, with adults weighing between 13 and 30 pounds; males sometimes exceed 30 pounds. They measure 32 to 34 inches long and stand about 22 inches high at the shoulder.
Their most distinguishing feature is their short, “bobbed” tail, typically 2 to 8 inches long, with a black tip and white underside. This unique tail gives the species its name. Bobcats also have black-tipped, pointed ears with small tufts and white spots on the back. Their fur color varies from tan to grayish-brown or reddish to tawny brown, often marked with black spots or stripes, especially on their legs and chest.
Living Alongside Bobcats
Bobcats are generally shy animals that pose little danger to humans or domestic pets. Encounters with them are rare, and attacks are highly unusual, often linked to instances of rabies. If a bobcat is sighted, it is advisable to observe it from a distance and avoid approaching it.
Maintain a calm demeanor and slowly back away without turning your back to avoid startling the animal. Make yourself appear larger by raising arms or opening a jacket, and make noise (e.g., banging pots) to encourage retreat. This helps them retain their natural wariness of humans.
To minimize conflicts, secure domestic animals and livestock (like chickens) indoors at night or in secure enclosures with high fences and top covers. Secure trash and avoid leaving pet food outdoors. Intentionally feeding wildlife is illegal in Rhode Island and can cause problems for animals and humans.
Bobcats are a protected furbearer in Rhode Island, with no open hunting or trapping season. Report road-killed bobcats to RIDEM, as they provide important biological data about the population. Rodenticides also threaten bobcats and other wildlife preying on small mammals.