Bobcats are present across Missouri, thriving as an adaptable native species. These wild felines are an integral part of the state’s diverse wildlife. While often elusive, their presence is widespread, making them a fascinating part of Missouri’s natural landscape.
Where Bobcats Live and What They Look Like
Bobcats in Missouri inhabit a variety of environments, showcasing their adaptability. They are commonly found in heavy forest cover, particularly second-growth timber that offers ample underbrush. These felines also frequent areas with clearings, rocky outcrops, glades, and timbered swamps. While historically concentrated in the Ozarks and Bootheel regions, bobcats have expanded their range westward and northward, now occupying various landscapes across the state, including areas near human developments.
Identifying a bobcat involves observing several distinct physical features. They have a yellowish- to reddish-brown coat with black streaks and spots. A defining characteristic is their short, “bobbed” tail, which gives them their name. Their prominent, pointed ears are black on the back with a central light-colored spot, and some have black ear tufts. Adult bobcats measure between 18 and 50 inches long, with tails 3 to 8 inches, and weigh 8 to 49 pounds.
Population and Behavior in Missouri
Missouri’s bobcat population is stable, with recent surveys indicating stable or increasing numbers throughout much of the state. These animals are shy and elusive, contributing to their infrequent sightings by humans. Bobcats are primarily active at night (nocturnal) or at dawn and dusk (crepuscular).
Bobcats are solitary hunters. They establish and mark their territories using scent, including fecal matter and urine. Within their home ranges, they travel between 3 and 7 miles nightly, constantly inspecting their surroundings. Their diet primarily consists of small mammals like rabbits, mice, rats, and squirrels, but they also prey on birds such as wild turkeys and quail. Bobcats also consume deer, often as fawns or carrion, helping manage prey populations.
Coexisting with Bobcats
Bobcats pose no threat to humans, and conflicts are rare. Residents can take several steps to minimize potential interactions and foster coexistence. Securing outdoor pet food and garbage is important, as these can attract wildlife, including bobcats, to residential areas. Supervising pets, especially smaller ones, when they are outdoors can also help prevent unintended encounters.
If a bobcat is sighted, it is best to observe it from a distance and avoid approaching or attempting to feed it. In the unlikely event a bobcat does not immediately retreat, it is advised to avoid running, as this can trigger a chase instinct. Instead, making noise and appearing larger by waving arms can encourage the animal to leave. If possible, seeking refuge in a vehicle or building is a good option. The Missouri Department of Conservation (MDC) serves as a valuable resource for further information and guidance regarding bobcats and other wildlife.