Bobcats are present in Indiana, the state’s only native wild cat. Known for their secretive and elusive nature, bobcats are often difficult to observe. Their ability to blend into surroundings and move quietly contributes to this reputation.
Bobcat Presence and Range
Historically, bobcats were widespread across Indiana but faced steep declines by the mid-1900s due to habitat loss and unregulated hunting. This led to their placement on the state’s endangered species list in 1969, until 2005. Since their removal, bobcat populations have expanded, particularly in southern and west-central Indiana, now more common. Their range is increasing northward, with confirmed sightings in most Indiana counties.
Bobcats prefer habitats with forested areas, brushy regions, and fields undergoing regrowth. Male bobcats typically maintain larger home ranges, often between 30 to 75 square miles, while females occupy smaller territories of 6 to 12 square miles. Increased sightings and mortalities, particularly from vehicle collisions, suggest continued population expansion.
Recognizing a Bobcat
Bobcats have several physical characteristics. These medium-sized wild cats generally weigh between 15 and 35 pounds, standing about 2 feet tall and 3 feet long. Their coat varies from brownish-tan to reddish-brown, often marked with black spots or streaks, with a lighter, whitish underside. Black bars are present on the inside of their front legs.
Bobcats have a round face with prominent facial ruffs, tufts of hair beneath their ears. Their ears are black-tipped and pointed, with a white spot on the backside. Their most defining trait is their short, “bobbed” tail, typically 5 to 7 inches long, with a black tip and a white underside. While primarily nocturnal or crepuscular, meaning most active during dawn and dusk, bobcats can be seen during daylight hours.
Coexisting with Bobcats
Bobcats are shy and avoid human interaction, making dangerous encounters uncommon. Their typical response to human presence is to flee. If a bobcat is sighted, observe it from a distance and do not approach. Never attempt to feed a bobcat, as this can diminish their natural wariness of people and lead to unwanted interactions.
Property owners can take several steps to minimize potential conflicts. Secure pets indoors, particularly at night, or in enclosed kennels with secure tops. Removing attractants around homes, such as unsecured pet food, garbage, or bird feeders that draw rodents, can discourage bobcats from lingering in residential areas. In Indiana, bobcats are classified as a regulated furbearer species, reflecting ongoing conservation and management efforts.