Black bears are present in Wisconsin. The North American black bear (Ursus americanus) is the only bear species native to the state, maintaining a widespread population. These animals are a natural part of the state’s wildlife.
Where Black Bears Live in Wisconsin
Black bears are primarily found in the northern third of Wisconsin, where dense forests provide suitable habitat. This area remains their stronghold, characterized by large forested expanses, swamps, and streams.
Bears are becoming more common in central and even southern Wisconsin. Sightings have been reported in all but a few counties in the extreme southeastern corner of the state. This expansion is due to a growing population and bears adapting to new areas, including those near human settlements, especially when searching for food.
Wisconsin’s Black Bear Population and Habits
Wisconsin is home to a black bear population estimated at over 24,000 animals. This represents a significant increase from approximately 9,000 bears in 1989. Population growth and range expansion are supported by abundant habitat and managed through regulated hunting.
Black bears are omnivorous, consuming both plants and animals. Their diet includes vegetation, berries, nuts, insects, and carrion. They are opportunistic feeders, targeting livestock, crops, honey bees, or human-provided food sources like garbage. Adult male bears weigh between 250 and 350 pounds and measure 47 to 70 inches long, while females are smaller, ranging from 120 to 180 pounds and 50 to 58 inches long. Some individual bears in Wisconsin can exceed 700 pounds.
Black bears follow an annual cycle that includes a period of deep winter sleep, though it is not true hibernation. They emerge from dens in spring in search of food after surviving winter on fat reserves. Females give birth to cubs, typically two, in their dens during January. Bears can live for over 30 years in the wild, though their average lifespan is about 10 years.
Encountering Black Bears Safely
Black bears are shy animals that prefer to avoid humans. While encounters can occur, attacks on humans are rare.
To minimize attracting bears, manage potential food sources around homes and campsites. Never intentionally feed bears, and avoid leaving food, garbage, or recycling unsecured. Remove bird feeders when bears are active, and clean up spilled seed. Keep pet food indoors, and clean barbecue grills and picnic tables after use.
If you encounter a black bear, remain calm and do not run, as running can trigger a chase response. Do not approach the bear, especially if it is a female with cubs. Instead, make yourself appear as large as possible by waving your arms and making loud noises, such as yelling or clanging pots and pans. Slowly back away, allowing the bear a clear escape route, and never attempt to corner it. If a bear does attack, fight back; for persistent issues with nuisance bears, contact the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Wildlife Services.