Black bears are present in South Carolina. Understanding their presence is the first step toward safe coexistence. While populations are concentrated in specific regions, transient bears can appear in unexpected areas as they search for food or new territories.
Black Bear Presence and Distribution in South Carolina
South Carolina is home to two primary black bear populations. One resides in the mountainous regions and upper Piedmont, while the other is found in the coastal plain, particularly in northern coastal counties like Horry and Georgetown. These bears prefer diverse habitats, including dense forests, swamps, bays, and mountainous ridge-tops, which offer ample food sources and denning sites.
While these two areas hold the largest established populations, black bears are adaptable and can be sighted in other counties throughout the state, including the Midlands. Sightings often involve dispersing juvenile bears seeking new home ranges or individuals moving in search of food. Male black bears have larger home ranges, spanning 18 to 160 square miles, whereas female home ranges are smaller, usually between 6 and 19 square miles.
Understanding South Carolina Black Bear Behavior
Black bears (Ursus americanus) are the largest land mammals in South Carolina, covered in black or dark brown fur with a lighter snout. Adult males weigh between 150 and 350 pounds, while females average 100 to 250 pounds, though some older, well-fed bears can exceed 400-500 pounds. Their diet is omnivorous, consisting of over 80% plants, including berries, nuts, and other vegetation, with the remaining portion comprising insects and meat.
These animals possess an exceptional sense of smell, aiding them in locating food, and are adept climbers and swimmers. Black bears are shy and reclusive, avoiding human contact. They are not aggressive towards people, and there have been no recorded human fatalities or serious attacks attributed to black bears in South Carolina. Most interactions occur when bears seek readily available food sources, which can lead them into residential areas.
Living Safely Near Black Bears in South Carolina
Coexisting with black bears requires understanding their habits and taking proactive measures to prevent conflicts. The most common human-bear conflicts stem from unsecured food attractants. Secure all garbage in tightly shut or bear-proof containers and store pet food indoors or in airtight containers. Cleaning grills and smokers after each use and storing them securely can prevent attracting bears with food odors.
Removing bird feeders when bears are active can deter them, as birdseed is a high-calorie attractant. If a bear is sighted, remain calm and avoid approaching it. Making yourself appear as large as possible, making noise, and slowly backing away are recommended actions, rather than running or making eye contact. It is illegal to intentionally feed bears in South Carolina, and doing so can lead to nuisance behavior that may result in the bear’s relocation or removal.