Wyoming is home to a diverse array of wildlife, including various large mammals. Among these are bears, which are present throughout the state’s natural landscapes. The state’s vast wilderness and relatively low human population provide ample habitat for these animals.
Bear Species and Distribution
Wyoming is home to two species of bears: the grizzly bear (Ursus arctos horribilis) and the black bear (Ursus americanus). These species can be distinguished by their physical characteristics and preferred habitats. While color can vary widely within both species, other features offer more reliable identification.
Grizzly bears possess a prominent shoulder hump, a dish-shaped facial profile, and longer, straighter claws suited for digging. Their fur color ranges from blond to dark brown, often with silver-tipped guard hairs that give them a “grizzled” appearance. In Wyoming, grizzly bears are primarily found in the northwestern part of the state, within and near Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks, and the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. This population has grown and expanded its distribution in recent decades.
Black bears, despite their name, can exhibit various fur colors, including black, brown, cinnamon, or even blond. They lack the distinct shoulder hump of a grizzly, have a straighter facial profile from their forehead to their nose, and possess shorter, more curved claws adapted for climbing trees. Black bears are more widespread throughout Wyoming, inhabiting forested areas and riparian habitats. They are found in locations like the Bighorn Mountains, Casper Mountain, and the Bear Lodge Mountains.
Staying Safe Around Bears
Encountering a bear in the wild requires knowledge of appropriate safety measures to minimize conflict. Proper food storage is a primary step in preventing bears from associating humans with food sources. This includes using bear-resistant containers for all food, garbage, and scented items, and never leaving them unattended.
When hiking or recreating in bear country, making noise can help alert bears to your presence, giving them time to move away. Carrying bear spray is also a recommended precaution, and knowing how to deploy it. Bear spray should be readily accessible, not packed away in a backpack.
If a bear encounter occurs, it is important to remain calm and avoid running, as this can trigger a chase response. Identify yourself by talking in a low, calm voice and slowly wave your arms. For a defensive encounter with a grizzly bear, playing dead by lying on your stomach and protecting your neck is advised. If a black bear attacks, fighting back aggressively is recommended.
Management and Recovery Efforts
State and federal agencies play a significant role in managing bear populations in Wyoming. The Wyoming Game and Fish Department, in collaboration with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, monitors bear populations, conducts research, and implements management strategies. These efforts are aimed at ensuring the long-term survival of bear species while also addressing human-bear conflicts.
Grizzly bears are currently listed as a threatened population under the Endangered Species Act. Management programs include public education and outreach initiatives designed to reduce potential conflicts between humans and bears. The ongoing work by these agencies contributes to the conservation success of bears in Wyoming.