The Adirondack Park is home to a significant population of bears. Visitors and residents frequently encounter these wild animals, making it important to understand their behavior and how to coexist safely. This article provides information about the bear species found in the region, their habitats, and practical advice for avoiding encounters and responding appropriately if one occurs.
The Adirondack Black Bear
The American Black Bear (Ursus americanus) is the sole bear species in the Adirondacks, comprising over half of New York State’s bear population. Adults typically weigh 150-600 pounds and measure 4.5-5 feet long. While their fur is usually black, they can occasionally have a white chest patch. Black bears are generally solitary, preferring to avoid human interaction.
Foraging is an almost constant activity, except during winter hibernation. Their diverse diet includes plants, grasses, insects, berries, nuts, and carrion. They are most active around dawn and dusk, though seen during daylight hours, especially when seeking food. Black bears typically hibernate for about five months in dens found in hollow trees, rock crevices, or under large tree roots.
Where Bears Live in the Adirondacks
Black bears inhabit extensive forest lands throughout the Adirondack Park, with a population estimated at nearly 4,000. They prefer diverse habitats, including managed timberlands, unmanaged forests, and wetland areas. These varied landscapes provide necessary food resources throughout the seasons. Bears are found across the entire park, utilizing both private and public lands.
While present throughout the wilderness, bears are more commonly encountered in specific areas. Backpackers and campers may spot them in backcountry regions and public campgrounds. Areas with high overnight use, like parts of the Eastern High Peaks, have seen increased bear activity due to human food sources. Bears may also venture into residential areas when natural food sources are scarce, seeking garbage or other human-provided food.
Safe Practices Around Bears
Practicing bear-safe habits is important for human safety and bear welfare. When in the Adirondacks, especially while camping or hiking, prevent bears from accessing human food. All food, toiletries, and scented items should be stored in bear-resistant canisters (required in some High Peaks areas) or hung from a tree using a bear bag system. Keeping campsites clean and free of food scraps, and securing garbage in bear-proof containers, are important preventive measures.
During hikes, making noise alerts bears to your presence, as they generally prefer to avoid people. If you encounter a bear, remain calm and do not run; this can trigger a chase response. Instead, identify yourself by speaking in a low voice and slowly back away, giving it space. If a bear approaches or charges, stand your ground, appear as large as possible, yell, and wave your arms; fight back if it makes physical contact. For residents, securing outdoor garbage, removing bird feeders, and protecting gardens deters bears from approaching homes.