Black bears are present in and around Flagstaff, Arizona. The region’s expansive ponderosa pine forests and mountainous terrain provide a suitable habitat for these animals. While sightings are not uncommon, particularly near wildlands, understanding bear behavior and implementing safety measures can help manage potential encounters safely.
Black Bear Presence in Flagstaff
The primary bear species in the Flagstaff area is the American black bear, scientifically known as Ursus americanus. These bears are well-adapted to northern Arizona’s diverse ecosystems, including ponderosa pine forests, chaparral, pinyon-juniper woodlands, and coniferous forests.
Black bears are omnivores, foraging for berries, acorns, and insects. During drought or when natural food is scarce, bears may venture closer to residential areas for sustenance. They are generally shy, but their acute sense of smell can lead them to human-related food sources.
Bears are most active from spring through fall, building fat reserves for winter hibernation. They are often more active during dawn and dusk, though they can become nocturnal when accustomed to human food sources like trash. Females typically reach reproductive age around their fourth year and usually breed every other year, with cubs born in winter dens.
Minimizing Bear Encounters
Taking proactive steps is essential for residents and visitors to reduce bear encounters. Securing trash is one of the most effective deterrents; all garbage should be kept inside a secured area until collection day, or in bear-resistant containers. If indoor storage is not feasible, food waste can be frozen and placed in trash receptacles as close to pickup time as possible.
Removing other attractants from outdoor areas is also important. Pet food should be kept indoors, and barbecue grills should be thoroughly cleaned after each use to eliminate lingering food odors. Picking up fallen fruit from trees can prevent bears from being drawn to yards.
When recreating outdoors, especially in forested areas, making noise while hiking or walking can help avoid surprising a bear, as most bears typically avoid humans they hear approaching. Hiking in groups and keeping dogs leashed also contributes to safety. Carrying bear spray and knowing how to use it can provide an effective deterrent in unexpected close encounters.
Responding to a Bear Encounter
If a bear is spotted from a distance, the safest action is to calmly detour away from the area while keeping the bear in sight. Never approach or feed the bear, as habituating them to human presence and food can lead to increased conflicts. If a bear becomes aware of your presence and approaches, remain calm and avoid running. Running can trigger a chase response.
Instead, stand still, speak in a calm, low voice, and slowly wave your arms to appear larger. Back away slowly, maintaining eye contact with the bear, and give it an escape route. If the bear charges, it may be a bluff charge, stopping before reaching you.
If an actual attack occurs, particularly from a black bear, fighting back with any available means, such as fists, sticks, or rocks, is advised. Do not climb a tree, as black bears are capable climbers.
Bear sightings in areas with human activity should be reported to the Arizona Game and Fish Department (AZGFD) at their dispatch center, 623-236-7201.