Black bear populations across New York State have been steadily increasing and expanding their range over the last few decades. This growth, coupled with the opportunistic nature of the animals, has led to a rise in sightings near developed areas. As bears emerge from their winter dens and search for food, residents in previously untouched areas are asking if these large mammals are now their neighbors.
The Definitive Answer: Bear Presence in Buffalo
The city of Buffalo and its immediate suburbs are not established, long-term bear habitat, but the presence of bears is possible. The only species in the state is the American Black Bear, known for traveling significant distances. Sightings in urban fringes are typically transient bears, often younger males dispersing from their mother’s territory to establish a new home range. This dispersal most frequently occurs during late spring and early summer, pushing individuals into unexpected locations, including residential neighborhoods.
These transient visitors are passing through, usually following wooded corridors or waterways in search of new territory, and do not represent a resident population. A bear that wanders into a highly developed area like Buffalo is typically stressed and disoriented, and will usually move on quickly if left undisturbed. As the statewide bear population continues to expand, sightings in areas previously thought to be too urban, such as a recent confirmed juvenile sighting in South Buffalo, may become more frequent.
Actual Bear Habitat in Western New York
Established bear populations in Western New York are concentrated well to the south and east of Buffalo. The Southern Tier region, including the Allegheny Plateau and Allegany State Park, serves as the primary source population for the species in this part of the state. The New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) estimates that the central-western region is home to approximately 10 to 15 percent of the state’s total bear population.
This core habitat is characterized by large tracts of continuous forest cover and rugged terrain, providing ample natural food sources and denning locations. From this established range, bears follow natural funnels, such as forested patches, river systems, and linear parks, allowing them to move closer to the urban-rural interface. Transient bears are routinely encountered in peripheral areas like the northern Allegany region, the Lake Ontario Plains, and the Mohawk Valley, highlighting their capacity for extensive travel.
Living with Bears: Safety and Deterrence
The most effective strategy for coexistence involves eliminating potential food sources. Bears possess an acute sense of smell and are intelligent, opportunistic eaters who will quickly become habituated to easily accessible human-provided food.
Eliminating Food Sources
Residents should immediately remove all bird feeders, including suet, from their yards beginning in early spring, as they are a concentrated source of calories that can draw bears into residential areas. Securing garbage is another powerful deterrent, requiring that all trash be stored securely inside a garage, shed, or bear-resistant container. If garbage must be placed outside for collection, it should be put at the curb on the morning of pickup, not the night before, to minimize the window of opportunity for foraging.
Additionally, pet food should never be left outside overnight, and outdoor grills should be thoroughly cleaned of grease and food residue after every use.
Bear Encounters
If an encounter occurs, remaining calm and not running away is the proper protocol, as black bears are generally timid and not aggressive toward humans. Individuals should never approach or attempt to corner the animal. Instead, back away slowly while speaking in a calm, firm voice to make your presence known. If the bear does not leave, waving arms and making loud noises can help haze the animal away, and any sustained presence or property damage should be reported to the state’s environmental conservation authorities.