Black bears are the only bear species found in Arizona. These adaptable animals inhabit various environments across the state.
Black Bears in Arizona
Black bears are the sole bear species residing in Arizona. They are the smallest North American bear species, weighing between 125 and 400 pounds, with males typically larger than females. Grizzly bears are not found in Arizona; the last known grizzly in the state was killed in 1935 near Nutrioso.
Their fur color is not always black, and can vary from brown, cinnamon, or even dark blond shades. These omnivores have a diverse diet, consuming grasses, forbs, berries, acorns, cactus fruits, and insects. While they can eat meat, a small portion of their diet consists of animal matter, mostly carrion or colonial insects like bees and termites. Black bears are generally solitary animals, except for mothers with cubs or during mating season.
Understanding Arizona’s Black Bear Habitats
Black bears in Arizona inhabit a variety of environments, primarily residing in forested mountain ranges, woodlands, and chaparral. Their range extends across the state, including areas like the White Mountains, Mogollon Rim, and the Four Peaks region. They also utilize desert riparian areas, which are crucial water sources in arid landscapes.
While preferring wild areas, black bears may venture closer to human development when natural food sources are scarce. Drought conditions can compel them to search for food and water in towns and cities, leading to conflicts if they become accustomed to human-provided food.
Essential Bear Safety Tips
Preventing encounters is important for bear safety. Secure all food and scented items in bear-resistant containers or vehicles when camping or hiking. Avoid leaving trash, pet food, or birdseed outside, as these attract bears to residential areas and can lead to habituation, causing bears to lose their natural fear.
If you encounter a black bear, remain calm and never run, as this might trigger a chase response. Make yourself appear as large as possible by standing upright and waving your arms or a jacket. Make loud noises like yelling to deter the bear, and slowly back away while facing the animal. If the bear does not leave, continue to slowly retreat, giving it an escape route.
In the rare event of a black bear attack, fight back with all available means, targeting the bear’s face and muzzle. Do not play dead; this differs from advice for grizzly bears. Report any aggressive bear encounters to the Arizona Game and Fish Department.