Grizzly bears are an iconic symbol of wilderness, and their presence or absence in various regions often sparks curiosity. In Colorado, a state known for its natural landscapes and diverse wildlife, questions frequently arise about whether these formidable bears still roam its mountains and forests. This article clarifies the current status of grizzly bears within the state.
Grizzly Bears in Colorado Today
Grizzly bears ( Ursus arctos horribilis) are considered extirpated from Colorado, meaning they no longer exist in the wild within its borders, though populations persist elsewhere. The last confirmed grizzly bear in Colorado was documented in 1979. Wildlife officials confirm there are no known grizzly bears living in Colorado today.
A History of Grizzlies in Colorado
Grizzly bears once roamed extensively throughout Colorado, with abundant populations across the mountains and prairies before the 20th century. A rapid decline began after 1900, driven by human expansion.
European settlers increased conflict with these bears, perceiving them as a threat to livestock and human safety, leading to widespread hunting. This eradication, combined with habitat loss and fragmentation due to agricultural expansion, reduced their numbers. By 1951, grizzly bears were officially considered extirpated from Colorado.
Despite this declaration, one last grizzly bear was encountered in 1979. This female grizzly attacked bow hunter Ed Wiseman near Pagosa Springs in the San Juan Mountains. The bear was fatally wounded, marking the last confirmed grizzly in Colorado. The remains of this bear are preserved at the History Colorado Museum.
Colorado’s Current Bear Population
The American black bear (Ursus americanus) thrives throughout Colorado. Colorado Parks and Wildlife estimates the statewide black bear population at 17,000 to 20,000 animals, making them the only native bear species currently residing in the state.
American black bears exhibit a wide range of coat colors, including black, brown, cinnamon, honey, or blonde, which sometimes leads to their mistaken identity as grizzlies. An adult male black bear typically weighs around 275 pounds, while females average about 175 pounds, though their weight can fluctuate from 100 to 450 pounds depending on the season and food availability. When on all fours, they stand about three feet tall. Black bears are omnivores, with their diet primarily consisting of natural foods like berries, nuts, grasses, and insects.
Living Safely Alongside Colorado’s Bears
As Colorado’s human population expands into bear habitat, encounters with American black bears are becoming more frequent. To coexist safely, residents and visitors should minimize conflicts. Most issues arise when bears access human food sources, leading them to associate people with easy meals.
Food storage is essential. All food, beverages, and scented items should be secured in bear-resistant containers, bear boxes, or locked vehicles when camping or recreating. Trash must be placed in bear-proof receptacles or stored indoors until collection. Bird feeders should be removed between Easter and Thanksgiving, as they are a significant attractant.
When hiking or recreating in bear country, staying alert and making noise can help avoid surprising a bear.
If You Encounter a Bear
Remain calm. Slowly back away while facing the bear, speaking in a calm voice.
Make yourself appear larger if the bear approaches.
Never run from a bear, as this can trigger a chase response.
Bear spray can be an effective deterrent if a bear comes within 40 feet.
In the rare event of an attack by a black bear, fighting back is recommended.