Black bears are present in Ohio. Once extirpated, these animals have naturally recolonized parts of the state, and their numbers are slowly increasing. Their re-emergence signifies a changing landscape for Ohio’s wildlife. Understanding their habits and how to coexist safely is important.
Ohio’s Black Bear Population
Black bears (Ursus americanus) are the only species of bear found in Ohio. Classified as a state endangered species, their population is small but growing. Many sightings are young males dispersing from neighboring states like Pennsylvania and West Virginia.
While most bears are dispersing males, increasing evidence shows resident female bears with cubs, particularly in northeastern Ohio. This indicates a more established, albeit still small, breeding population. The Ohio Department of Natural Resources (ODNR) monitors these sightings to track population expansion and characteristics.
Common Habitats and Distribution
Black bears primarily inhabit forested regions throughout Ohio’s eastern half. These areas offer dense cover and preferred food sources. Notable regions for frequent sightings include Northeast Ohio, specifically counties like Ashtabula, Geauga, Lake, Trumbull, and Mahoning.
Southeast Ohio also sees significant bear reports, with counties like Washington, Athens, Hocking, and Vinton being common locations, including areas within the Wayne National Forest. While these eastern regions are core habitats, transient bears can appear elsewhere as they wander.
Safe Practices During Bear Encounters
Encountering a black bear is rare, but knowing how to react ensures safety for both humans and wildlife. If you see a bear, remain calm and avoid running, as this can trigger a chase response. Speak in a firm, calm voice to make the bear aware of your presence, then slowly back away, giving the animal an easy escape route. Making yourself appear larger by raising your arms can also help deter the bear. Never approach a bear, especially a cub, as this can provoke a defensive reaction from a sow.
To prevent encounters, especially around homes, secure potential food attractants. This includes removing bird feeders, storing garbage in secure containers, and keeping pet food indoors. The ODNR encourages reporting bear sightings, which aids in monitoring and managing the state’s population.
Conservation and Return of Bears to Ohio
Black bears were once widespread in Ohio but were extirpated by the mid-1800s due to unregulated hunting and extensive deforestation. Natural recolonization began in the late 20th century, largely from robust populations in neighboring states.
The Ohio Department of Natural Resources has systematically tracked black bear observations since 1993, confirming sightings through evidence like photos or tracks. This monitoring helps biologists understand bear movement patterns and areas of establishment. Recent research includes collaring female bears to gain deeper insights into their reproduction and habitat use within Ohio.
The return of black bears underscores the importance of conservation efforts and public education. The ODNR provides information to help the public understand bear behavior and how to coexist safely with these re-emerging native species.