American Alligators are a natural part of the Carolinas’ diverse ecosystems, inhabiting various waterways across both North and South Carolina. These large reptiles are apex predators, reflecting the rich biodiversity of the southeastern United States.
Confirming Alligator Presence
The American Alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) is a large reptile characterized by its dark, armored skin and powerful tail. Males typically reach lengths of 11.2 to 14.8 feet and can weigh up to 1,100 pounds, while females are smaller, usually between 8.5 to 9.8 feet. Their bodies are covered with bony plates called osteoderms or scutes, and they possess a broad, rounded snout. This species was once endangered due to overhunting and habitat loss. Successful conservation efforts led to their recovery, and they were removed from the endangered list in 1987. They are currently federally protected as a “threatened” species due to their visual similarity to the endangered American crocodile.
Where Alligators Reside
American Alligators are primarily found in the coastal plain regions of both North and South Carolina. In North Carolina, they are concentrated in coastal counties from the southern border up to Gates County. They thrive in various freshwater and brackish environments, including swamps, marshes, rivers, lakes, and ponds. In South Carolina, alligators are widespread throughout the eastern, lowland half of the state, inhabiting marshes, lakes, and rivers, with notable populations in Lake Marion and Lake Moultrie. While predominantly coastal, individual alligators can occasionally be sighted further inland, particularly along major river systems.
Coexisting Safely with Alligators
Living in areas with alligators requires adherence to safety guidelines. Never feed alligators, as this causes them to lose their natural fear of humans and can lead to aggressive behaviors. Maintain a safe distance of at least 60 feet from alligators; if one hisses or lunges, you are too close.
Pets should always be kept on a leash and away from the water’s edge, as alligators may mistake them for natural prey. Swim only in designated areas during daylight hours, as alligators are most active at dawn, dusk, and throughout the night. Avoid swimming or wading in waters known to harbor them.
If an alligator appears to be a nuisance or poses a threat, contact local wildlife authorities. In North Carolina, the NC Wildlife Resources Commission can be reached via their Wildlife Helpline at 1-866-318-2401. For South Carolina, nuisance alligators should be reported to the South Carolina Department of Natural Resources (SCDNR), with an emergency number of 1-800-922-5431 for immediate threats.