Many people living in or visiting Florida observe small lizards and often wonder if these common reptiles are dangerous. The small lizards found throughout Florida are not poisonous and pose no toxic threat to humans through touch or ingestion.
Dispelling the Poison Myth
The terms “poisonous” and “venomous” describe different ways an animal can deliver toxins. A poisonous animal contains toxins that are harmful if ingested or absorbed through the skin, such as a poison dart frog. Conversely, a venomous animal actively injects toxins into another organism, typically through a bite or a sting, like a snake or a spider.
Small, common lizards in Florida are neither poisonous nor venomous. They do not produce toxins in their bodies that would be harmful if touched or eaten, nor do they possess a mechanism to inject toxins through a bite. Some larger, invasive lizards, like the Nile Monitor, may carry bacteria in their saliva, but this is different from being venomous. Direct contact with common small lizards in Florida does not result in toxic effects.
Identifying Common Florida Lizards
Florida is home to a variety of small lizards, both native and introduced, commonly observed in residential areas and natural landscapes. Two of the most widespread are the Green Anole and the Brown Anole. Green Anoles, the only native anole in the United States, change color from bright green to brown and reach 5 to 8 inches. They often have a longer, tapered head, and males display a pink throat fan, or dewlap, to attract mates or defend territory.
Brown Anoles, an introduced species from the Caribbean, are also common, growing to 5 to 9 inches. They are brown or gray, can rapidly change shade, and often feature dark markings or light lines on their sides. Unlike Green Anoles, Brown Anoles are frequently found on the ground or in lower vegetation.
The Mediterranean Gecko is another common species, a nocturnal lizard often seen on walls and ceilings near lights. These geckos are 4 to 5 inches long, have large eyes with vertical pupils, and may appear whitish-gray with darker spots. Skinks, like the Southeastern Five-lined Skink, are also present, characterized by smooth, shiny scales and streamlined bodies. Juveniles often have a striking blue tail and five light stripes on a dark background, which may fade as they mature.
Understanding Lizard Encounters
Encounters with small lizards in Florida, including accidental bites, are not a cause for concern. These lizards bite only when threatened or handled. A bite from a common small lizard results in mild discomfort, similar to a pinch, and rarely breaks the skin.
If a bite breaks the skin, the primary concern is minor infection, as with any small wound. Clean the area thoroughly with soap and water. These bites are not medically significant and do not require professional medical attention unless signs of infection, such as increased redness, swelling, or pus, develop.