The “umbrella tree” is appreciated for its distinctive foliage and adaptability as a houseplant or outdoor ornamental. However, this common name refers to different plant species, raising questions about fruit edibility. This article clarifies the edibility of umbrella tree fruits and provides essential information.
Are Umbrella Tree Fruits Edible?
The fruits and all parts of the most common “umbrella trees” (Schefflera arboricola and Schefflera actinophylla) are not edible and are toxic to humans and animals. These plants contain insoluble calcium oxalate crystals, which are needle-like structures that cause immediate irritation upon contact or ingestion. When chewed or swallowed, these crystals embed into the soft tissues of the mouth, throat, and gastrointestinal tract. This mechanism acts as a natural defense. While ingestion is rarely fatal, it can lead to significant discomfort and localized reactions. Even the sap of Schefflera species can cause skin irritation. Therefore, keep these plants out of reach of curious individuals and pets.
Symptoms of Ingestion
Ingestion of any Schefflera plant part, including its fruits, causes symptoms primarily due to irritating calcium oxalate crystals. In humans, common reactions include a burning sensation in the mouth, lips, and tongue, swelling, redness, excessive drooling, nausea, and difficulty swallowing. These symptoms typically manifest rapidly. Pets, such as dogs and cats, exhibit similar signs if they chew on or consume parts of a Schefflera. They may show excessive drooling, pawing at their mouth, oral pain, vomiting, decreased appetite, and gastrointestinal upset, including diarrhea. While symptoms are generally mild to moderate, large ingestions or sensitivity can potentially lead to more severe outcomes like airway swelling or, in rare cases, kidney problems.
What to Do in Case of Ingestion
If a person, especially a child, ingests any part of a Schefflera plant, contact a poison control center immediately. The national Poison Help line, 1-800-222-1222, offers free, confidential expert advice 24/7. For pets, contact a veterinarian or a pet poison control hotline immediately: Pet Poison Helpline (855) 764-7661 or ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center (888) 426-4435. Do not induce vomiting unless advised by a medical or veterinary professional. Rinsing the mouth with water can help remove irritating crystals. Seek medical attention if symptoms are severe, persistent, or if there is concern about breathing difficulties. Provide information about the plant type and amount ingested for accurate guidance.
Identifying Different Umbrella Trees
The common name “umbrella tree” causes confusion as it applies to several distinct plant species. The primary toxic concern comes from the Schefflera genus (Schefflera arboricola and Schefflera actinophylla). These are recognized by their glossy, palmately compound leaves, where leaflets radiate from a central point, resembling an umbrella’s spokes. They are frequently grown as houseplants or outdoor trees in warmer climates. Another plant known as the “umbrella tree” is Magnolia tripetala (umbrella magnolia), native to the eastern United States. This deciduous tree has very large, oblong leaves that cluster at branch tips, creating an umbrella-like canopy. It produces creamy white flowers and cone-like pink fruits. Additionally, Musanga cecropioides (African corkwood tree or parasolier) is an “umbrella tree” found in tropical Africa. This fast-growing tree has large, palmately compound leaves and edible fleshy fruits when ripe, though they are not commonly consumed.