Termites are small, social insects that consume wood, leading to significant structural damage. While many believe Colorado’s climate is too harsh for these pests, termites are present in the state. This article clarifies their presence, details how to recognize their activity, and outlines steps to take if an infestation is suspected.
Termites in Colorado
Termites are present in Colorado, though their prevalence is less widespread compared to warmer, more humid regions. The most common types found are subterranean termites, primarily species like the Eastern subterranean termite (Reticulitermes flavipes) and the arid-land subterranean termite (Reticulitermes tibialis). These insects require consistent moisture and live in soil colonies, building tunnels to access wood sources above ground.
Subterranean termites are found throughout most of Colorado below 7,500 feet, particularly in lower elevations and urban areas where human structures offer reliable moisture and food. About one-third of Colorado is classified in Termite Infestation Probability Zone #2 (moderate to heavy risk), and another third in Zone #3 (slight to moderate risk), indicating potential for damage across much of the state. Although less common, drywood termites have also been identified in isolated areas, such as Grand Junction, and can spread through transported wooden objects. The hidden nature of subterranean termites, which primarily dwell underground or within wood, often leads to their lower perceived population density, as they can cause damage unnoticed for extended periods.
Recognizing Termite Activity
Early detection of termite activity is important for homeowners to prevent extensive property damage. One clear indicator of subterranean termites is the presence of mud tubes. These pencil-sized dirt tunnels are found on foundations, walls, or floor joists. They serve as protected pathways, allowing termites to travel between their underground colonies and wood sources while maintaining necessary humidity.
Another significant sign is the appearance of discarded wings, resembling small fish scales, often found near windows or light sources after a termite swarm. Termite swarmers are winged reproductive termites that emerge from mature colonies to mate and establish new ones; their presence indoors suggests an active infestation. Homeowners should also inspect wood for signs of damage, such as a hollow sound when tapped, maze-like patterns, or blistering. Termite activity can also cause paint to bubble or peel, mimicking water damage, and lead to stiff doors and windows due to warped wood.
Responding to a Termite Infestation
If termite activity is suspected, contact a qualified pest control professional for a thorough inspection and accurate identification. Do-it-yourself attempts are often ineffective because termites remain hidden, and their colonies can be extensive. Professional treatment methods include liquid termiticides, which create a chemical barrier in the soil around the home to deter and eliminate termites. Bait systems are another common approach, involving strategically placed baits that termites carry back to their colony, eventually eliminating it. The specific treatment chosen depends on the termite species, the extent of the infestation, and the property’s construction.
Beyond professional treatment, homeowners can implement preventative strategies to reduce the risk of future infestations. These include managing moisture by fixing leaky plumbing, ensuring proper drainage, and maintaining clear gutters. Reduce wood-to-soil contact around the home, such as maintaining an 18-inch gap between soil and wooden structures. Store firewood at least 20 feet away from the house and elevated off the ground to remove potential food sources. Seal cracks and openings in foundations and walls to block entry points, and consider regular professional inspections for early detection.