Scorpions are present in Colorado. While their presence might be surprising, these arachnids generally do not pose a significant threat to humans. Most scorpion stings in Colorado are painful but rarely dangerous, fitting into the natural balance of the region.
Colorado’s Scorpion Species
Colorado is home to three confirmed scorpion species: the Northern Scorpion (Paruroctonus boreus), the Striped Bark Scorpion (Centruroides vittatus), and the Northern Desert Hairy Scorpion (Hadrurus spadix).
The Northern Scorpion, 1.5 to 2.0 inches long, has a dusky back with a pale yellow to orange-brown body. It exhibits the highest cold tolerance among the state’s scorpions. Its sting is mild, similar to a bee or hornet sting, causing localized pain and numbness that resolves without long-term effects.
The Striped Bark Scorpion, about 2.5 inches, is recognized by its yellowish to light tan body with two broad dark bands along its abdomen. Its venom causes swelling and pain, but severe reactions are uncommon, and hospital visits are rarely needed for adults. The Northern Desert Hairy Scorpion is the largest species in Colorado, up to five inches in length, identifiable by its light-colored appendages and dark back. While its sting can produce a sharp burning sensation, it is not considered life-threatening.
Habitats and Distribution
Scorpions in Colorado are found in the state’s arid and lower elevation regions. The Western Slope, particularly around Dinosaur National Monument, is a common locale for the Northern Desert Hairy Scorpion. Northern Scorpions are distributed across counties bordering Utah, inhabiting environments including sandstone cliffs.
The Striped Bark Scorpion is widespread in southeastern Colorado, with its range extending northward towards Interstate 70. These nocturnal creatures seek shelter during the day under rocks, wood piles, and other ground covers. They use cracks, crevices, and surface debris for hiding, thriving in diverse habitats including deserts, grasslands, and forests.
Safety and Prevention
Preventing scorpion encounters involves reducing their access to homes and minimizing outdoor hiding spots. Sealing cracks and gaps around foundations, windows, and doors can deter scorpions from entering indoor spaces. Removing debris such as wood piles, rocks, and overgrown vegetation around the house eliminates hiding places.
When outdoors, especially in known scorpion habitats, wearing sturdy shoes and shaking out clothing or shoes before use prevents stings. If a scorpion sting occurs, first aid involves cleaning the sting site with soap and water. Applying a cold compress to the affected area manages pain and swelling. While most scorpion stings in Colorado are not severe, seek medical attention if symptoms worsen, if the sting involves a child under two, or if the individual has known allergies.