Red wasps are a common sight across North America. These insects often prompt questions about their behavior, specifically regarding aggression and the likelihood of stinging. Understanding their characteristics and typical responses can help individuals coexist safely with them.
Identifying Red Wasps
Red wasps, scientifically known as Polistes carolina, are a type of paper wasp easily recognized by their reddish-brown bodies. They typically measure between 0.5 to 1 inch in length and possess dark, purplish-black wings that contrast with their bodies. Some red wasps have yellow markings on their legs or faces.
These wasps construct distinctive papery nests, made from chewed wood fibers mixed with their saliva. The nests often resemble upside-down umbrellas or circular, paper-like structures with open, hexagonal cells visible on the underside. Unlike some other wasp species, red wasp nests are typically exposed, lacking an outer paper covering.
Understanding Red Wasp Aggression
Red wasps are social insects living in colonies. While they are not inherently aggressive without provocation, their behavior changes significantly when they perceive a threat to their nest. Aggression is primarily a defensive mechanism, protecting their colony, queen, and young.
Disturbing a nest is the most common trigger for aggressive behavior. Vibrations or sudden movements near their nest can cause them to swarm and sting repeatedly, as their stingers are smooth and do not detach like those of honey bees. Individual red wasps away from the nest are generally less aggressive unless directly threatened. However, Polistes carolina is known to be more aggressive than some other paper wasps. Wasps can also become more territorial and aggressive in late summer or early fall when food sources become scarcer.
Preventing Stings and Encounters
To reduce the risk of red wasp stings, adopt cautious behaviors outdoors. Avoiding sudden movements near wasps is advisable, as swatting at them can provoke an attack. If a wasp lands on you, remaining still allows it to fly away without feeling threatened.
Wearing light-colored, loose-fitting clothing that covers exposed skin helps prevent stings, as brightly colored or floral patterns attract wasps. When eating or drinking outdoors, keeping food and beverages covered is important, as wasps are attracted to sweet and sugary items and protein sources. Regularly sealing trash cans and cleaning up outdoor eating areas can also deter them.
Managing Red Wasp Nests
Red wasps frequently build their papery nests in sheltered locations. Common nesting sites include under eaves, along windows and doorframes, inside attics or sheds, and under decks or porch ceilings. They may also be found in tree cavities or dense vegetation. Some red wasp nests can grow quite large.
If a nest is discovered, exercise caution, as wasps will defend their colony. For small, accessible nests, some individuals may attempt removal themselves, ideally after dark when wasps are less active and most are inside the nest. Protective clothing, including long sleeves, pants, gloves, and a face shield, is recommended for any DIY attempt. However, for large, active, or hard-to-reach nests, or if there are known allergies to stings, contacting a professional pest control service is the safest approach. Professionals have specialized equipment and expertise to safely remove nests.