Earwigs, often called “pincher bugs” due to their distinctive appearance, frequently spark curiosity and concern. These common insects lead many to wonder about their potential to cause harm. This article clarifies their true nature, addressing common questions about identifying and managing them.
Identifying Pincher Bugs
Earwigs have elongated, flattened bodies, typically 5 to 25 millimeters long. Most species are dark reddish-brown, sometimes with pale yellow wings and legs. A distinguishing feature is the pair of prominent, forceps-like appendages, called cerci, at their rear. These cerci vary between sexes, with males having more curved pincers than females.
Earwigs have six legs and two long, thread-like antennae with at least 10 segments. While some species have wings, they rarely fly, preferring to scurry. These nocturnal insects seek dark, moist environments during the day, often found under rocks, leaf litter, decaying wood, or in damp soil.
Are Pincher Bugs Harmful?
Despite their intimidating appearance, earwigs are generally harmless to humans and pets. Their rear pincers, while capable of pinching, are primarily used for defense against other insects, capturing prey, and mating. If an earwig pinches a human, it feels like a mild, momentary nip and rarely breaks the skin.
Earwigs do not possess venom, nor do they bite or sting humans. The old wives’ tale that earwigs crawl into ears and burrow into the brain is a myth. While they may occasionally carry bacteria from outdoor habitats, there is no evidence they transmit diseases to humans.
Managing Pincher Bugs
Managing earwigs involves reducing the moist, dark environments they favor. Outdoors, this means clearing away leaf piles, excess vegetation, and stored wood from around the home’s foundation. Maintaining a dry border of 6 to 12 inches around the foundation by keeping mulch and plant debris away can deter them. Ensuring rain gutters and downspouts direct water away from the house also helps reduce moisture.
Indoors, earwigs typically enter in search of moisture or shelter, especially during hot or dry weather. Sealing cracks and crevices around doors, windows, and foundations can prevent their entry. If found inside, they can be easily removed by vacuuming or sweeping them up. Simple traps, such as rolled-up newspapers or containers with a soy sauce and oil mixture, can also be used to capture them.