Oral fibromas are common, non-cancerous growths that form within the mouth’s soft tissues. They are a reaction to ongoing irritation or trauma in the oral cavity. These growths are frequently encountered and generally considered harmless.
Understanding Oral Fibromas
An oral fibroma typically appears as a firm, smooth lump or nodule. Its shape is often dome-like, though it can also grow on a short stalk or have a broad base. The color usually matches the surrounding mouth lining, appearing pink, but it can sometimes be paler, whitish, or even dark if bleeding has occurred. When touched, these growths feel firm and smooth, resembling scar tissue.
These growths develop over several weeks or months, typically reaching about 1 centimeter, though they can range from a few millimeters to 2 centimeters or larger. They are most frequently found on the inside of the cheek, along the bite line where the upper and lower teeth meet. Other common locations include the tongue, gums, and the inner surface of the lips.
The Nature of Pain in Oral Fibromas
Oral fibromas themselves are typically not painful on their own. However, they can become sore or tender if subjected to external factors.
This irritation often stems from habitual actions like biting the inside of the cheek or lip, or constant rubbing against rough or misaligned teeth. Ill-fitting dental appliances, such as dentures or orthodontic braces, can also cause persistent friction, leading to soreness. If the fibroma’s surface becomes broken or ulcerated due to trauma, it can lead to inflammation or a secondary infection, resulting in pain. The discomfort is usually localized to the fibroma itself.
When Professional Assessment is Needed
While most oral fibromas are benign, a professional assessment is advisable for proper diagnosis and peace of mind. Accurate diagnosis is crucial to differentiate fibromas from other oral conditions. Seek dental or medical advice if you experience persistent pain or discomfort associated with the growth. Other concerning signs include rapid growth or a noticeable change in the fibroma’s size, shape, or color.
Difficulties with routine oral functions such as chewing, speaking, or swallowing also warrant a visit to a healthcare professional. Any bleeding from the lesion or a general uncertainty about the growth’s nature indicates the need for examination. Diagnosis typically involves a clinical examination, including visual and tactile assessment, and reviewing your medical history. Sometimes, a biopsy is performed to confirm the benign nature of the fibroma and rule out other conditions. Oral fibromas rarely develop into oral cancer.