Northern Ringneck Snakes are non-venomous to humans. They are considered harmless and do not pose a threat to people or pets. While these snakes do possess a mild venom used to subdue their small prey, it is not potent enough to affect humans. They are a common and safe presence in many environments.
Identifying Northern Ringneck Snakes
Northern Ringneck Snakes are small and slender, typically reaching lengths of 10 to 15 inches, though some individuals may grow up to 27 inches. Their dorsal coloration is usually a solid dark gray, black, or olive. A distinctive feature is the bright yellow or orange ring around their neck, which gives them their common name.
The underside of a Northern Ringneck Snake is typically a vibrant yellowish-orange. However, some subspecies may have a broken row of tiny black spots along the center of their ventral scales. This bright belly color can also serve as a warning display when the snake feels threatened. Their scales are smooth, usually arranged in 15 to 17 rows around their midbody.
Natural Behavior and Habitat
Northern Ringneck Snakes are secretive and primarily nocturnal, so they are infrequently observed. They prefer moist woodlands, forests, and often inhabit areas with abundant leaf litter, rotting logs, and rocks. These snakes are also found in gardens and other urbanized areas.
Their diet consists mainly of small invertebrates and amphibians, such as earthworms, slugs, and salamanders. They may also consume small lizards, frogs, and the juveniles of other snake species. To secure their prey, Northern Ringneck Snakes use a combination of constriction and their mild venom. When threatened by predators, they employ several harmless defensive behaviors, such as coiling their tail to expose their bright underside as a “false warning.” They may also release a musky, foul-smelling odor from their anal glands or feign death.
Encountering a Ringneck Snake
Encountering a Northern Ringneck Snake is a common occurrence, and it is important to remember they are harmless to humans and pets. If you spot one, observe it from a distance and allow it to move on its own. There is no need to attempt to handle or capture these snakes. Their small mouth and non-aggressive nature mean that bites are rare and inconsequential if they do occur.
Northern Ringneck Snakes play a beneficial role in the ecosystem, acting as natural pest control by preying on slugs and other garden invertebrates. Leaving them undisturbed is encouraged, as they contribute to the balance of local wildlife populations.