A night guard, often called an occlusal splint, is a custom-fitted dental device designed to protect the teeth and jaw from bruxism (the grinding or clenching of teeth during sleep). The guard acts as a protective barrier, absorbing intense forces and preventing direct tooth-on-tooth contact. Minor initial discomfort is common and expected as the mouth adjusts to the new device. However, persistent, sharp, or localized pain that continues beyond the first few weeks is not normal and usually indicates a problem with the guard’s fit or function.
The Normal Adjustment Period
It is typical to experience a short phase of mild soreness or pressure when first introducing a night guard into your routine. This temporary feeling is often due to the jaw muscles, which are forced to relax into a new resting position. The muscles around the jaw joint may feel a subtle tightness or fatigue as they adapt to the device cushioning the bite.
This initial physical adaptation can also present as minor tooth sensitivity or a generalized feeling of pressure on the teeth that hold the appliance. The body’s natural response to a foreign object can cause temporary side effects like increased saliva production, which usually subsides quickly. Most mild discomfort, jaw soreness, or unfamiliar sensations disappear completely within a few days to two weeks of consistent nightly use.
Signs of an Ill-Fitting or Problematic Guard
Discomfort that does not resolve within the typical two-week adjustment period is a strong indication that the night guard is not functioning correctly. Sharp, localized pain on a specific tooth or gum area suggests uneven pressure distribution or an edge of the guard irritating the soft tissues. A guard that is too tight can cause pain when inserting or removing it, while one that is too loose will shift or fall out during sleep, making it ineffective.
A poorly fitted night guard can also lead to new or worsening symptoms that extend beyond the mouth. Patients may notice the onset of new headaches, particularly temple or tension headaches, or ear pain that began after they started using the device. An improper fit can place uneven stress on the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), which can worsen existing TMJ disorder symptoms like clicking, locking, or persistent jaw pain. If your natural bite alignment feels changed when the guard is removed in the morning, it suggests the device may be causing unwanted tooth movement and requires professional attention.
Steps to Resolve Discomfort
For the common, temporary soreness experienced during the adjustment phase, simple management strategies can provide relief. Gentle jaw stretches and massages, along with applying a warm compress to the jaw muscles before bed, help ease muscle tension. Over-the-counter pain relievers can be used short-term to manage mild discomfort associated with the initial adaptation.
If the pain is persistent, sharp, or if problematic signs develop, contact the prescribing dentist promptly. A dentist can assess the fit, check for pressure points, and make small, precise adjustments to the appliance. It is important to avoid attempting to modify the guard yourself by trimming or filing the material, as this can easily compromise the intended therapeutic function and fit. Professional adjustment ensures the pressure is evenly distributed and the guard protects the teeth without causing further harm.