The term “murder hornet” gained significant public attention, sparking concern about a large insect capable of impacting honeybee populations. This common name refers to Vespa mandarinia, which the Entomological Society of America officially renamed the northern giant hornet in 2022. It is the world’s largest hornet species, native to eastern and southeastern Asia and the Russian Far East.
Current Status in New York
As of the current date, there have been no established populations or confirmed sightings of the northern giant hornet (Vespa mandarinia) in New York State. Initial detections in North America occurred in late 2019 in British Columbia, Canada, and Washington State in the United States. These detections prompted eradication efforts, and the species was announced to have been eradicated from the United States in December 2024.
Despite its eradication in previously affected areas, state agricultural departments and university extension offices across the U.S. maintain vigilance. Monitoring and trapping efforts were undertaken in detected states like Washington. New York State agencies, such as the Department of Environmental Conservation, remain prepared to address any potential future threats from invasive species.
Distinguishing Northern Giant Hornets
The northern giant hornet (Vespa mandarinia) is the largest hornet globally, with queens reaching 4-5 cm and workers around 3.5 cm. It has an enlarged yellow or orange head, prominent dark eyes, a brown thorax, and an abdomen with alternating black and yellow to orange stripes. Its legs are dark.
It is important to differentiate the northern giant hornet from other large native insects often mistaken for it. For example, cicada killers are large wasps that can be confused with the northern giant hornet, but they have black bodies with yellow markings and smaller heads. European hornets, also found in New York, are primarily reddish-brown and yellow, lacking the distinct large orange head. Accurate identification relies on its size, large orange head, and specific abdominal banding.
Reporting Suspected Sightings
If you believe you have encountered a northern giant hornet, report the sighting to the appropriate authorities. Contact your state’s department of agriculture or a university extension office, such as Cornell Cooperative Extension in New York. Providing photographic evidence is highly recommended, as clear images are crucial for expert identification.
Do not attempt to handle, capture, or kill the insect. Northern giant hornets possess a long stinger, approximately 6 mm in length, and can deliver a painful sting. Early detection through public reporting is a significant component of invasive species management, allowing authorities to investigate and implement control measures if this species arrives in New York.