A mouthguard is a protective dental device that fits over the teeth and gums to prevent injuries to the mouth. These devices are commonly used in sports to cushion blows to the face, minimizing the risk of broken teeth. Mouthguards also manage conditions such as teeth grinding, known as bruxism, or treat temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders. Many people wonder if regularly using a mouthguard could have negative effects on their dental health despite its protective benefits. This article explores potential problems and how to ensure their safe use.
When Mouthguards Can Cause Problems
Mouthguards, while beneficial, can sometimes lead to dental issues if not used or maintained correctly. A primary concern is an improper fit, which can cause discomfort or even shift teeth over time. An ill-fitting mouthguard might interfere with the natural alignment of your bite, causing jaw pain or discomfort in the temporomandibular joint. This issue is more prevalent with generic stock mouthguards, which are not custom-made.
Poor hygiene practices also contribute to potential problems. Mouthguards can accumulate bacteria, food particles, and plaque if not cleaned properly. This buildup can result in bad breath, gum inflammation, or gingivitis, and can lead to tooth decay. The warm, moist environment inside a mouthguard, especially when stored improperly, creates an ideal breeding ground for harmful microorganisms.
Materials used in mouthguards can cause issues. While rare, individuals may experience allergic reactions to certain plastics or acrylics. Older or worn-out mouthguards might also develop sharp edges or degraded surfaces, causing irritation or discomfort in the mouth’s soft tissues. Regular inspection and proper care are important to avoid these material-related complications.
Ensuring Your Mouthguard is Safe
To prevent dental problems, ensuring a mouthguard fits properly and is properly maintained is important. A custom-fitted mouthguard, made by a dentist, offers a superior fit and comfort compared to over-the-counter options. This precise fit helps distribute impact forces evenly, reduces teeth shifting, and minimizes jaw discomfort by maintaining proper bite alignment.
Proper cleaning and storage are also essential for oral health while using a mouthguard. After each use, the mouthguard should be rinsed with cool water and brushed with a soft toothbrush to remove any debris. Allow the mouthguard to air dry completely before storing it in a clean, ventilated case to prevent bacterial growth. Avoiding direct sunlight or extreme heat during storage also helps, as high temperatures can warp the mouthguard’s shape.
Regular dental check-ups are another important aspect of safe mouthguard use. During these visits, a dentist can assess the mouthguard’s fit and condition, ensuring it continues to provide adequate protection without causing adverse effects. They can also address any early signs of gum irritation, tooth decay, or changes in bite alignment that might be related to mouthguard use. A mouthguard should be replaced if it shows signs of wear and tear or if its fit changes over time, every few years or as recommended by a dental professional.
Beyond Protection: Other Uses and Benefits
Beyond preventing dental problems, mouthguards offer various benefits. In sports, they cushion blows to the face, minimizing the risk of fractured teeth, jaw injuries, and soft tissue damage to the lips and gums. They can also reduce concussion risk.
Mouthguards are also widely used to manage bruxism, a condition characterized by teeth grinding or clenching. These “nightguards” create a barrier between the upper and lower teeth, protecting them from wear and damage caused by grinding. This protective layer can also alleviate symptoms such as jaw pain and headaches.
Mouthguards also have therapeutic applications beyond sports protection and bruxism. They can be used to manage temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders by reducing jaw strain. Specialized oral appliances may also be incorporated into orthodontic treatments or used to manage sleep apnea and snoring by repositioning the jaw.