Moose are an iconic sight across Colorado’s landscapes. Many wonder about their place in the state’s natural history, a journey involving historical wanderings and dedicated conservation efforts.
Moose in Colorado: A Historical Overview
While moose were observed in northern Colorado as early as the 1850s, these animals were largely transient, typically young bulls dispersing from Wyoming. Early settlers and miners occasionally encountered these individual moose, but their presence remained limited. Historical records suggest a consistent, self-sustaining moose population did not exist in Colorado before the late 1970s.
Colorado Parks and Wildlife (CPW) began considering moose reintroduction in the 1950s due to suitable habitat. Discussions intensified, leading to a reintroduction program. In 1978, CPW initiated the first major transplant, bringing 24 Shiras moose from Utah and Wyoming to the North Park region near Walden.
Subsequent efforts continued, with 12 more moose brought from Wyoming to the Laramie River Valley in 1987. Between 1991 and 1993, 93 moose were transplanted to the Upper Rio Grande River Valley. Additional translocations occurred on the Grand Mesa (2005-2007) and the White River National Forest (2009-2010), establishing healthy, breeding moose herds across the state.
Current Moose Populations and Habitats
Colorado now boasts a thriving moose population, estimated at 3,000 to 3,500 animals statewide. This is one of the fastest-growing moose populations in the lower 48 states. Moose have expanded their range significantly since reintroduction, inhabiting most mountainous regions.
Moose habitats in Colorado include areas with abundant willow and proximity to water sources. They are commonly found in North Park, designated the “Moose Viewing Capital of Colorado,” and on the Grand Mesa. Other areas include the Laramie River Valley, the Upper Rio Grande River Valley, and the western side of Rocky Mountain National Park, particularly the Kawuneeche Valley. Moose prefer riparian zones, subalpine forests, and brushy vegetation near lakes, rivers, and wetlands.
Responsible Viewing and Safety
Observing moose requires adherence to safety guidelines. Moose are large, powerful animals, weighing between 800 and 1,200 pounds, and can be unpredictable. Maintaining a safe distance is important; wildlife agencies recommend staying at least 75 to 120 feet away. Approaching them too closely can cause stress and provoke an aggressive response.
Recognizing signs of agitation is important. A moose may indicate aggression by lowering its head, laying back its ears, raising neck hair, smacking its lips, or stomping its feet. If a moose displays these behaviors, slowly back away while keeping an eye on the animal.
If a moose charges, run and seek immediate cover behind a large, solid object like a tree or vehicle; moose are not predators and typically will not chase far. Dogs can trigger aggressive behavior, as moose often perceive them as wolves. Therefore, keeping dogs leashed and under control in moose country prevents conflicts.