The idea that marshmallows can relieve a cough often stems from traditional beliefs. This article explores the origins of this idea, differentiating between the historical medicinal plant and the modern confection, and provides evidence-based strategies for managing cough symptoms.
Marshmallow Plant Versus Candy
The historical connection between marshmallows and cough relief traces back to the Althaea officinalis plant, commonly known as the marshmallow plant. For centuries, its root was used in traditional medicine to soothe irritated mucous membranes and alleviate coughs and sore throats. The plant contains mucilage, a gummy substance that forms a protective, gel-like coating when mixed with water. This mucilage is believed to coat the throat, reducing irritation and the associated cough reflex.
Modern marshmallows are vastly different from their herbal namesake. They are primarily made from sugar, corn syrup, gelatin, and flavorings, with air incorporated for their fluffy texture. They do not contain the Althaea officinalis plant or its medicinal mucilage, so modern candy lacks the therapeutic properties of the historical plant.
Despite lacking medicinal plant extracts, some individuals might still experience temporary, mild relief from modern marshmallows. Their soft, sugary, and gelatinous texture can physically coat an irritated throat, similar to a cough drop or hard candy. This effect is purely symptomatic, offering temporary soothing rather than addressing the cough’s underlying cause. This temporary comfort is not a medicinal treatment.
Effective Cough Relief Strategies
Several evidence-based strategies can provide effective cough relief. Honey has been shown to soothe cough symptoms, especially in individuals over one year old. Its demulcent properties help coat the throat, and some studies suggest it can reduce cough frequency and severity. Warm liquids, such as herbal teas, broth, or hot water with lemon and honey, can also help by thinning mucus and soothing the throat.
Using a humidifier can moisten the air, which helps thin mucus, making it easier to clear from airways. This helps dry coughs and reduces nighttime coughing by easing throat and nasal irritation. Saline nasal sprays or rinses can clear nasal passages, especially if post-nasal drip contributes to the cough. Throat lozenges or hard candies work by stimulating saliva production, which lubricates the throat and provides temporary relief from irritation.
Over-the-counter cough medications, such as suppressants or expectorants, are available, but consult a pharmacist or doctor before use, particularly for children. Seek professional medical attention if a cough persists for more than a few weeks, worsens, or is accompanied by concerning symptoms. These include difficulty breathing, wheezing, chest pain, fever, or coughing up discolored mucus or blood.