Lantana (Lantana camara) is a familiar garden plant, valued for its vibrant, multicolored blooms and resilient nature. Its widespread presence frequently prompts questions regarding the edibility and safety of its small, often appealing berries.
Lantana Berry Toxicity
Lantana berries present a notable risk if ingested. The plant contains harmful compounds called pentacyclic triterpenoids. These toxins can disrupt liver function and gastrointestinal health. Green, unripe berries are highly toxic and have been associated with severe poisoning in both humans and animals.
Despite some discussion about ripe (dark purple or black) berries, all lantana berries should be considered unsafe for consumption. Studies suggest both ripe and unripe fruits are potentially lethal. The plant’s toxicity can vary depending on factors such as the specific cultivar and the quantity consumed. It is prudent to prevent ingestion by humans, particularly children, and by household pets.
Recognizing Poisoning Symptoms
Symptoms of lantana poisoning vary based on the amount ingested and individual sensitivity. Common signs include gastrointestinal distress, such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. More severe cases may lead to symptoms like lethargy, weakness, and potential liver damage, which can manifest as jaundice, a yellowing of the skin, eyes, or gums.
Other symptoms include difficulty breathing, an elevated heart rate, and an increased sensitivity to sunlight (photosensitization). Symptoms may become apparent within a few hours of ingestion or could be delayed for several days.
Emergency Response for Ingestion
Seek immediate help if lantana berries or any other part of the plant are suspected of being ingested. For human exposure, contact the national Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. For pets, contact your veterinarian or an animal poison control center, such as the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center at (888) 426-4435 or the Pet Poison Helpline at (855) 764-7661.
When seeking professional advice, be prepared to provide details about the situation. This includes the approximate amount ingested, the specific part of the plant consumed, and the current symptoms and weight of the affected individual or animal. It is generally advised not to induce vomiting unless specifically instructed to do so by a medical professional or veterinarian.
Other Toxic Plant Parts
The toxicity of the lantana plant extends beyond its berries. All parts of the lantana plant, including leaves, stems, and flowers, contain the same harmful triterpenoid compounds. While concentrations vary, caution is warranted with any contact. Direct handling of lantana leaves can also lead to skin irritation or dermatitis in some sensitive individuals. This overall toxic nature underscores the need for careful consideration when planting it, especially in areas accessible to children or pets.