Lacewings are delicate insects recognized by their intricate, transparent wings that resemble fine lace. These common garden inhabitants often prompt questions about their potential harm to humans, pets, or plants. However, these insects are not considered harmful. Understanding their biology and behavior provides clarity regarding their true nature and role in various environments.
Are Lacewings a Threat?
Adult lacewings do not possess mouthparts capable of biting humans, nor do they sting. Their primary focus as adults is reproduction and feeding on nectar or pollen, not engaging with larger organisms. There is no evidence suggesting they transmit diseases to humans or animals, making them benign and posing no health risk.
While adult lacewings pose no threat, their larval stage, often called “aphid lions,” can occasionally deliver a minor sensation if handled. These larvae possess small, pincer-like mouthparts used for grasping prey, which they might instinctively use if accidentally pressed against skin. A slight pinch might be felt, but this is harmless. This brief sensation is often compared to a tiny pinprick or a mosquito bite. They are not venomous, nor do they inject any harmful substances during this contact.
Lacewings as Garden Allies
Lacewings are beneficial insects, particularly in garden and agricultural settings. Their larval stage, known as “aphid lions,” acts as a natural predator of numerous soft-bodied pests. These larvae are voracious eaters, consuming large quantities of destructive insects throughout their developmental period.
The diet of lacewing larvae primarily consists of aphids, which they can decimate, making them effective biological control agents. They also prey on mealybugs, whiteflies, and spider mites, all of which can severely damage plants by feeding on their sap. Additionally, their diet includes small caterpillars and various insect eggs, reducing pest populations without chemical interventions.
Adult lacewings, in contrast to their carnivorous larvae, primarily sustain themselves on nectar, pollen, and honeydew. Honeydew is a sugary substance excreted by sap-feeding insects like aphids, offering another food source. By consuming these substances, adult lacewings contribute to the ecosystem through minor pollination, and their presence indicates a healthy, balanced environment. This dietary preference also means they do not feed on garden plants, solidifying their role as valuable garden allies.
Encountering Lacewings Indoors
Lacewings often find their way inside homes, particularly during cooler weather as they seek shelter. These instances are accidental, as the insects are attracted to artificial lights at night or wander indoors through open doors or windows. Their presence inside is not an indication of an infestation or impending damage.
Once indoors, lacewings do not cause damage to household items, food, or fabrics. They are not interested in structural elements or stored goods, nor do they reproduce indoors. Their primary goal is to find a suitable overwintering site or escape unfavorable outdoor conditions. If a lacewing is found inside and its removal is desired, it can be gently guided onto a piece of paper or into a cup for safe release outdoors.