Knee pain, often from osteoarthritis, significantly affects daily life and mobility. Many seek interventions to manage discomfort. Knee gel injections offer a non-surgical treatment to address symptoms and improve joint function.
Understanding Knee Gel Injections
Knee gel injections, also known as viscosupplementation, involve administering hyaluronic acid directly into the knee joint. Hyaluronic acid is naturally present in healthy joints, forming a component of synovial fluid. This fluid acts as a lubricant, enabling smooth movement between bones, and functions as a shock absorber.
In osteoarthritis, the natural hyaluronic acid in the joint can deplete, leading to increased friction and reduced cushioning. These injections supplement the diminished natural hyaluronic acid. By introducing this viscous substance, the injections enhance lubrication and cushioning within the joint, potentially reducing pain and improving mobility.
Effectiveness and Outcomes
The effectiveness of knee gel injections varies among individuals. Some patients experience significant pain relief and improved joint function, while others may notice little to no improvement. Research indicates these injections can offer a modest reduction in pain and stiffness. Benefits are not immediate, often taking several weeks to become noticeable, with full effects observed around 6 to 8 weeks after the series of injections.
Pain relief from knee gel injections is temporary, lasting several months, with an average duration of six months. Some studies suggest relief can extend up to a year or longer for certain individuals. These injections are a symptomatic treatment for osteoarthritis, addressing symptoms rather than curing the underlying condition or reversing joint damage. Injections may need to be repeated as effects wear off.
Who Benefits Most
Knee gel injections are considered for individuals with mild to moderate knee osteoarthritis. Patients who have not found sufficient relief from more conservative treatments are suitable candidates. Prior treatments include physical therapy, oral pain relievers, anti-inflammatory medications, or corticosteroid injections.
These injections are not recommended for severe osteoarthritis, where significant cartilage loss or “bone-on-bone” contact has occurred. They are also less effective for other types of knee pain not caused by osteoarthritis. The treatment is more effective in individuals who are of normal weight and those younger than 65.
Potential Considerations
Knee gel injections are considered safe, but some temporary, mild side effects can occur. Common reactions at the injection site include pain, swelling, stiffness, warmth, or redness. These symptoms are short-lived and resolve within a few days. Applying ice to the area can help manage discomfort.
While rare, more serious side effects include infection at the injection site or an allergic reaction. Another rare reaction is pseudo-septic arthritis, a severe inflammatory response. The treatment may not be effective for everyone, and some individuals may not experience pain relief.
Practical Considerations
Knee gel injections are administered as a series. Depending on the specific product, this can involve one to five injections, given about a week apart. The procedure is quick and performed in an outpatient setting. A local anesthetic may be used to minimize discomfort, and excess fluid may be drained from the knee beforehand if swelling is present.
Following the injection, patients are advised to avoid strenuous activities like jogging or heavy lifting for 24 to 48 hours. Most individuals can resume normal, low-impact activities quickly. The cost of knee gel injections can range from $500 to $1,500 per injection without insurance. Many insurance plans, including Medicare Part B, may cover a significant portion of the cost if deemed medically necessary and other conservative treatments have been tried.