The “Jesus lizard” is known for its remarkable ability to seemingly walk on water. This unique skill earned it its distinctive nickname. Understanding this creature involves exploring its biological characteristics and intriguing behavior.
Understanding Basilisks: The “Jesus Lizard”
These reptiles belong to the genus Basiliscus, encompassing four species found in the tropical rainforests of Central and South America. They inhabit areas near rivers, streams, and other water sources, typically at lower elevations. Physically, basilisks are medium-sized lizards with long, slender bodies and tails that make up 70 to 75% of their total length, reaching up to 76 centimeters (2.5 feet).
Their coloration varies among species, from vibrant green to shades of brown or olive. Males often display prominent crests on their heads, backs, and tails, which are less pronounced or absent in females and juveniles. Basilisks are diurnal, meaning they are active during the day, spending their time foraging, basking, and resting. Their diet is omnivorous, consisting mainly of insects, spiders, and small mammals, but also includes crayfish, snails, flowers, and fruits.
Assessing the Threat: Are They Dangerous?
Despite their sometimes imposing appearance, Jesus lizards are not dangerous to humans. They are not venomous, posing no threat of poisoning through a bite. When encountering humans, these lizards are shy and prefer to flee rather than engage. Their primary defense mechanism involves escaping quickly, often by running across water or climbing into trees.
Bites are extremely rare, occurring only if the animal feels severely provoked or is handled. Their small, saw-like teeth are not designed to inflict significant harm. Such bites are superficial and not medically serious. These lizards do not carry diseases harmful to humans. Their behavior emphasizes avoidance, making direct interaction or aggression highly unlikely.
The Remarkable Skill Behind the Name
The common name “Jesus lizard” stems from their ability to run across the surface of water. This unique feat is achieved through specialized anatomy and rapid movement. Their large hind feet are equipped with scaly fringes along the sides of their toes. When running on land, these fringes are compressed, but upon contact with water, they fan out, increasing the surface area.
As the lizard sprints, its feet create small air pockets and temporary depressions in the water, generating thrust and lift to keep it from sinking. Younger and lighter basilisks are adept at this, covering 10 to 20 meters before submerging and swimming. This water-running serves as a survival mechanism, allowing them to escape swiftly from predators.