Hornets, a type of social wasp, are often observed during daylight hours, leading many to wonder about their behavior once the sun sets. The common curiosity revolves around whether these insects become entirely inactive or “dormant” at night. Understanding their nocturnal habits offers insights into their adaptability and survival strategies.
Understanding Hornet Activity
While many insects, including most wasps, are primarily diurnal, hornets exhibit a distinct pattern. European hornets, for instance, are known to remain active and fly during the evening and into the night, often surprising people with their presence after dark. This activity includes continued foraging for food sources.
Inside the nest, much of the colony engages in reduced activity rather than deep sleep. Their “slumber” involves becoming less active to conserve energy. While some workers might continue tasks such as nest maintenance and expansion, and the queen may even lay eggs, most individuals within the colony are in a resting state.
Reasons for Reduced Nighttime Activity
Several biological and environmental factors contribute to the shift in hornet activity after dark. Hornet vision, while functional, is not specifically adapted for low-light conditions. This means their ability to navigate and locate distant food sources is naturally impaired in darkness without external light.
The availability of typical food sources changes significantly at night. While hornets are predatory, many of their usual prey and nectar sources are less accessible or absent after dusk. Cooler nighttime temperatures also play a role, as hornets are cold-blooded insects whose metabolism slows down in colder conditions, affecting their flight efficiency and overall activity levels.
Nighttime Hornet Encounters and Safety
Despite their reduced general activity, hornets are not harmless at night. They are strongly attracted to artificial light sources, which can draw them towards homes and buildings. This attraction often leads to hornets flying into windows or appearing near outdoor lights.
It is important to exercise caution around hornet nests at any time, including at night, as disturbed hornets can still sting to defend their colony. If a nest is located near a light source, hornets drawn to the light might become agitated if they feel threatened. To minimize encounters, it is advisable to dim outdoor lights or use yellow or red bulbs, which are less attractive to these insects. Sealing windows and doors can also prevent hornets from entering indoor spaces. For nest removal, contacting a pest control professional is recommended due to the potential for defensive stinging, even during periods of lower activity.