The Fiddle Leaf Fig (Ficus lyrata) is a highly popular indoor plant, but it poses a toxicity risk to babies and toddlers. While the effects are typically not life-threatening, the plant is considered an irritant. Contact or ingestion causes immediate, localized discomfort rather than systemic poisoning. Caregivers must be aware of the specific dangers the plant presents in a home with young children.
The Specific Toxin and Its Effects
The toxicity of the Fiddle Leaf Fig stems from microscopic structures known as insoluble calcium oxalate crystals. These crystals, called raphides, are housed within the plant’s white, milky sap (latex), which is released when the leaves or stems are damaged. When a baby chews on the plant, the sap releases these needle-sharp crystals. These pointed structures mechanically penetrate the delicate tissues of the mouth, throat, and gastrointestinal tract, causing immediate pain and irritation upon exposure.
Recognizing Symptoms of Contact
Symptoms of exposure are generally immediate and localized. If the sap contacts the skin, it can cause irritant contact dermatitis, leading to redness, rash, and swelling in the affected area. Oral contact, such as chewing on a leaf, results in a rapid, intense burning sensation in the mouth and throat. Parents may notice sudden swelling of the lips, tongue, or mouth, accompanied by excessive drooling. Swallowing the plant material can lead to digestive discomfort, including nausea, vomiting, or stomach upset.
Immediate Steps After Exposure
If you suspect your baby has chewed on or ingested any part of a Fiddle Leaf Fig, contact the National Poison Control Center immediately at 1-800-222-1222. Expert advice is available 24/7, even if your child is not yet showing symptoms. Do not attempt to induce vomiting unless directed to do so by a medical professional.
For skin exposure, thoroughly rinse the affected area with mild soap and running water for at least 15 minutes to remove residual sap and crystals. If oral exposure has occurred, gently rinse the baby’s mouth with cool water or offer small amounts of milk to soothe the burning sensation. Milk is often more effective than water because its fats help dissolve the sap.
Call 911 or seek emergency medical care immediately if the baby exhibits signs of a severe reaction. These signs include difficulty breathing, significant swelling of the throat or tongue that interferes with swallowing, or a sudden collapse. Be prepared to tell the poison control specialist or emergency responder the child’s age, weight, and the amount of plant material involved.
Safety Measures and Prevention
The best way to manage the risk of Fiddle Leaf Fig toxicity is through proactive prevention. The plant should be placed in an area that is completely inaccessible to babies and small children, such as on a high shelf or within a room secured by a baby gate. Since toddlers are prone to exploring with their mouths, even fallen leaves present a hazard. Routinely check the area around the plant and immediately remove any dropped leaves or fragments.
If relocating the plant is not feasible, consider replacing the Fiddle Leaf Fig with a non-toxic houseplant alternative. Many attractive options, such as the Parlor Palm or Boston Fern, offer similar aesthetic appeal without the risk of irritation.