Emerald Green Arborvitae (Thuja occidentalis ‘Smaragd’) is a popular evergreen used to create dense hedges and privacy screens in many residential landscapes. Because this cultivar of the common Eastern White Cedar is so widespread, dog owners frequently question its safety for their pets. Many common garden plants contain compounds that can be harmful if ingested by canines. This article analyzes the toxicity profile of the Emerald Green Arborvitae and outlines the specific steps owners should take if their dog consumes the plant material.
Toxicity Profile of Arborvitae
The Emerald Green Arborvitae is considered toxic to dogs, although the risk level is generally low to moderate. The toxic properties are attributed to Thujone, a natural compound found in the plant’s volatile oils. Thujone acts primarily as a neurotoxin by inhibiting the GABA-A receptor in the central nervous system, leading to excitation and potential seizures in high doses.
The highest concentration is typically found within the leaves, or needles, and the essential oils. Toxicity is dose-dependent, meaning a small amount may result only in mild gastrointestinal upset, while ingestion of large quantities poses a higher risk. Major veterinary organizations, like the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA), list the Thuja species as toxic to dogs.
Identifying Signs of Poisoning in Dogs
Owners should observe a dog for specific symptoms after a suspected ingestion event. The most common and immediate signs are related to gastrointestinal distress, which results from the irritating nature of the plant compounds. These symptoms include excessive drooling (hypersalivation), vomiting, diarrhea, and a noticeable loss of appetite.
Owners may also notice signs of abdominal pain or general discomfort, which can manifest as lethargy or restlessness. Direct contact with the sap or foliage can cause localized irritation, potentially leading to dermatitis or inflammation around the mouth and tongue.
In rare instances involving the ingestion of a significant amount, more severe neurological symptoms may develop due to the Thujone content. These serious signs include muscle tremors, incoordination, and potentially even seizures. The severity of the symptoms will vary widely based on the amount consumed, the size and health of the dog, and the concentration of Thujone ingested.
Emergency Response and Next Steps
If a dog owner suspects or confirms that their pet has consumed any part of the Emerald Green Arborvitae, immediate action is necessary. The first step is to remove any remaining plant material from the dog’s mouth and the immediate surrounding area to prevent further ingestion. Next, gather important information, including the approximate time of ingestion and an estimate of the amount of foliage consumed.
Contact a veterinarian or an animal poison control center immediately, such as the Pet Poison Helpline, and relay all the details. These professionals can assess the risk based on the dog’s size and the estimated dose of the toxin. Never attempt to induce vomiting at home unless specifically directed to do so by a veterinary professional.
A veterinarian will determine the appropriate course of action, which often involves providing supportive care. Treatment may include administering activated charcoal to bind any remaining toxins in the dog’s stomach or fluid therapy to prevent dehydration from vomiting and diarrhea. In more severe cases, a veterinarian may perform gastric lavage or provide medication to control seizures or tremors.