Calla lilies are popular ornamental plants, known for their elegant, funnel-shaped blooms. They are frequently chosen for gardens, bouquets, and as houseplants. Many people wonder about the edibility of calla lilies, a common query arising from curiosity or confusion with other plant species.
Understanding Calla Lily Toxicity
Calla lilies are not edible and are considered toxic. All parts of the plant, including flowers, leaves, and stems, contain insoluble calcium oxalate crystals, known as raphides. When chewed or ingested, these needle-like crystals are released, causing immediate irritation upon contact with mucous membranes. The common calla lily (Zantedeschia aethiopica) belongs to the Araceae family, known for producing these crystals as a defense mechanism.
While toxic, symptoms are primarily localized to the site of contact. Systemic poisoning is rare unless a large quantity is ingested, as the immediate, painful reaction often prevents significant consumption.
Recognizing Symptoms and Taking Action
Ingestion or contact with mucous membranes can lead to immediate symptoms. Common reactions include burning and irritation of the mouth, tongue, and throat. Swelling of the lips and tongue, difficulty swallowing, and excessive drooling are typical. Gastrointestinal upset, such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, may occur. For pets, similar symptoms are observed, often accompanied by pawing at the mouth.
If exposure occurs, take immediate action. Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water to remove plant particles. Drinking milk or consuming cool, creamy foods like yogurt or ice cream can help alleviate the burning and irritation. Immediately contact a poison control center (e.g., 1-800-222-1222 in the US) or seek medical attention. While severe symptoms are rare, significant discomfort can result, and severe swelling could affect breathing.
Safe Interaction and Common Misunderstandings
To safely interact with calla lilies, wear gloves when handling the plant, especially during pruning or repotting, to prevent skin irritation from the sap. Keep these plants out of reach of children and pets, as all parts are toxic if ingested. Never consume any part of a calla lily.
Common misconceptions arise from other plants with “lily” in their name or those from the same family that can be prepared for consumption. For example, some Araceae family plants, like taro, contain calcium oxalate but can be rendered edible through specific preparation methods like boiling or cooking to break down crystals. Calla lilies are not prepared this way and should never be consumed. Distinguish calla lilies from “true lilies” (genus Lilium), some of which have edible parts, but calla lilies (Zantedeschia) are distinct and remain toxic.