The bobcat (Lynx rufus) is a medium-sized wild cat native to North America and the only wild feline found in Mississippi. Though secretive and rarely seen, this resilient predator is widespread across the state. Its population is stable and thriving, inhabiting nearly every county, from the Gulf Coast swamps to the northern forests.
Identifying the Mississippi Bobcat
The bobcat in Mississippi is a robust animal, typically weighing between 15 and 35 pounds. Its coat provides effective camouflage, varying from grayish-brown to reddish-brown, marked with dark spots and streaks across the body and legs. The most distinctive feature is its namesake, a short, “bobbed” tail, measuring only four to seven inches long with a black tip.
The ears are hooded and may feature small tufts of hair, though these are less prominent than those of the Canadian Lynx. A ruff of longer fur extends down the sides of its face, giving it a broad-cheeked appearance. Compared to a coyote, the bobcat is much smaller, more muscular, and has a significantly shorter tail, which helps avoid misidentification.
Distribution and Legal Status in Mississippi
The bobcat inhabits all 82 counties of Mississippi, thriving in diverse environments including dense forests, pine plantations, swamps, and agricultural areas. This broad range allows them to survive even on the edges of suburban settlements where sufficient cover and prey are available.
The Mississippi Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Parks (MDWFP) classifies the bobcat as a furbearer species. Hunting and trapping are legal activities managed through state regulations, and individuals must possess the proper licenses.
The population is stable and abundant, meaning the bobcat is not threatened or endangered within the state. Any harvested bobcat must receive a CITES tag before transport across state lines, as the species is subject to federal export regulations. The state sets annual harvest seasons, and hunters must verify current season dates and tagging requirements.
Natural Ecology and Hunting Patterns
Bobcats are solitary and highly territorial predators; males maintain large home ranges spanning up to 15 square miles. They use scent markings, such as urine and feces, to delineate territory boundaries and communicate with other cats. These animals are primarily crepuscular, most active during dawn and dusk, though they often hunt throughout the night.
Their diet focuses heavily on small mammals. Studies show their primary prey consists of rabbits, specifically the eastern cottontail, and various rodents, including mice and squirrels. They also consume small birds and reptiles.
When hunting, the bobcat stalks its prey before launching a swift, short pounce. They travel several miles in an evening while patrolling their territory and searching for food. Although small prey forms the bulk of their diet, they occasionally take larger animals, such as deer fawns, when other food sources are scarce.
Safe Coexistence and Conflict Avoidance
Bobcats prefer to avoid human contact, and sightings are usually brief. Residents should not attempt to feed, approach, or chase a wildcat, as this alters its natural behavior and increases conflict risk. If a bobcat is sighted nearby, remain calm and give the animal ample room to retreat.
Securing potential food sources is the most effective step to prevent attracting bobcats to residential areas. Garbage cans should be tightly secured, and pet food and water bowls should be brought indoors, especially at night. Supervising small pets, such as cats and small dogs, outdoors after dusk can also reduce the possibility of an encounter.
Livestock or poultry should be secured in enclosed, locked shelters to deter predation. If a bobcat appears disoriented, overly aggressive, or injured, residents should contact the Mississippi Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Parks. Reporting unusual behavior allows wildlife officials to monitor public safety and the health of the local animal population.