Many people encounter blue-tailed lizards and often wonder about their potential danger, particularly if they are poisonous to humans. This article clarifies facts about these reptiles and their interactions with people.
Are Blue-Tailed Lizards Dangerous?
Blue-tailed lizards, often referring to species like the common five-lined skink, are neither poisonous nor venomous to humans. A poisonous animal is harmful if ingested, while a venomous animal injects toxins. Blue-tailed skinks do not possess mechanisms to inject toxins, nor are they toxic if consumed.
While these lizards may bite if they feel threatened, their bite is generally harmless to humans. Their small teeth, designed for gripping insects, typically feel like a gentle pinch. A bite does not cause significant injury or transmit toxins. The main concern following any animal bite, including one from a blue-tailed skink, is the minimal risk of bacterial infection, such as Salmonella, which can be present in their mouths.
Identifying Blue-Tailed Lizards
The term “blue-tailed lizard” commonly refers to the juvenile stage of several skink species, particularly the common five-lined skink (Plestiodon fasciatus). These lizards typically measure between 5 and 8.5 inches in length, including their tail, and possess smooth, shiny scales. Young individuals are distinctly marked with a dark or black body, five yellowish or white stripes running down their back, and a vibrant blue tail.
As these skinks mature, their striking blue tail color tends to fade, often becoming more subdued to shades of gray, brown, or olive, especially in males. Adult males may also develop an orange or reddish coloration on their heads during the breeding season. These lizards are widespread across the eastern United States, ranging from Vermont south to northern Florida and west to Minnesota and Texas. They prefer moist, forested habitats, including wooded areas, rocky outcrops, and even suburban gardens, often seeking shelter under logs, rocks, or other debris.
Interacting with Blue-Tailed Lizards
When encountering blue-tailed lizards, it is best to observe them from a distance and avoid direct interaction. These are wild animals that are generally shy and will attempt to flee if approached. Leaving them undisturbed allows them to continue their natural behaviors.
Should a bite occur, which is rare and typically happens only if the lizard feels threatened, the immediate steps involve basic first aid. Clean the wound thoroughly with soap and warm water for several minutes. Apply an antiseptic and cover the bite with a clean bandage. Medical attention is not required unless there are signs of infection, such as increased redness, swelling, pus, or fever, or if an allergic reaction develops. These lizards are beneficial as natural pest controllers, consuming insects and other small invertebrates.