Blue-tailed lizards are common reptiles that often spark curiosity due to their distinctive appearance. People frequently wonder if these creatures pose any danger, particularly concerning whether they are poisonous. Blue-tailed lizards are not poisonous and are generally harmless to humans.
Understanding “Poisonous” vs. “Venomous”
The terms “poisonous” and “venomous” are often used interchangeably, but they describe distinct biological mechanisms of harm. An animal is considered poisonous if it causes harm when ingested, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin. This means the toxins are delivered passively, such as through touching or eating the organism. For example, certain frogs or plants are poisonous because their toxins are present on their skin or within their tissues.
In contrast, an animal is venomous if it actively injects toxins into another organism, typically through a bite, sting, or other specialized delivery mechanism. Snakes, spiders, and scorpions are classic examples of venomous creatures, as they possess fangs or stingers to inject their venoms. Blue-tailed lizards, like most lizard species, do not possess the biological machinery to produce or deliver toxins in either of these ways. Only a few lizard species, like the Gila monster and Mexican beaded lizard, are venomous, but these are distinct from common blue-tailed skinks.
Identifying Common Blue-Tailed Lizards
Several species of skinks are commonly referred to as “blue-tailed lizards” due to the vibrant coloration of their tails, especially when young. In North America, species like the Five-lined Skink (Plestiodon fasciatus), Southeastern Five-lined Skink (Plestiodon inexpectatus), and Broad-headed Skink (Plestiodon laticeps) are frequently encountered. These lizards are typically small to medium-sized, ranging from 5 to 8.5 inches in total length, including their tail.
Juvenile Five-lined Skinks are particularly striking, featuring five light-colored stripes running down a dark body, culminating in a bright blue tail. As these skinks mature, the blue tail coloration often fades, and the stripes may become less distinct, with some males developing an orange-red head during breeding season. They prefer habitats such as wooded areas, fallen logs, rocky outcrops, and even suburban gardens, where they can find cover and insects to eat. These lizards are known for their quick movements and shy demeanor, often darting away rapidly when approached.
Interacting with Blue-Tailed Lizards
When encountering a blue-tailed lizard, it is best to observe it from a distance. These lizards are naturally timid and will almost always attempt to flee when they perceive a threat. Their speed and agility are their primary defense mechanisms, allowing them to quickly disappear into crevices or under leaf litter. They are not aggressive and do not seek out interaction with humans.
If a blue-tailed lizard is accidentally touched or, defensively, delivers a small bite, there is no need for alarm. Their bites are very mild, like a strong pinch, and do not transmit any toxins. The affected area should be cleaned with soap and water to prevent infection, like any minor scrape. Medical attention is not required unless unusual symptoms or a rare allergic reaction occurs.