The binturong (Arctictis binturong), often called a bearcat, is a mammal native to South and Southeast Asia. Despite its common name, it is not considered dangerous to humans. This creature has a stocky body, shaggy fur, and a long, prehensile tail, aiding its arboreal lifestyle. Found in tropical forests of countries like India, Nepal, and the Philippines, it contributes to regional biodiversity.
Dispelling Misconceptions
The name “bearcat” is misleading, as the binturong is neither a bear nor a cat. It is the sole species in the genus Arctictis and the largest member of the Viverridae family, which includes civets and genets. Binturongs have coarse, shaggy dark brown to black fur, often with gray tips, and long, stiff white whiskers. Their prehensile tail, nearly as long as their body, functions like a fifth limb for grip and balance while climbing. A notable trait is its scent, often described as smelling like buttered popcorn, which comes from a chemical compound in their urine used for territory marking.
Bearcat Behavior in the Wild
Binturongs are primarily arboreal, spending most of their time in forest canopies. They are largely nocturnal, most active in the early morning and late evening. They move slowly through trees, using strong feet, semi-retractable claws, and their prehensile tail for climbing. While classified as carnivores, their omnivorous diet mainly consists of fruits, particularly figs, but also includes small mammals, birds, fish, and eggs. Binturongs are generally solitary, though small groups of a female and her immature offspring can be observed.
They communicate through vocalizations like chuckles when content, and high-pitched wails, hisses, or low grunts when displeased or threatened. Their popcorn-like scent also aids communication, marking territory and signaling their presence to other binturongs. When threatened, their primary defense is to flee into trees. They may also spray musk, urinate, or defecate as a defense.
Potential for Human Interaction
Unprovoked attacks by binturongs on humans are extremely rare. These animals are shy and reclusive, preferring to avoid human contact. They may act defensively if threatened, cornered, protecting young, or injured. In such situations, they might snarl, bare their teeth, or use their powerful jaws and claws in self-defense.
If you encounter a binturong in the wild, maintain a safe distance and avoid sudden movements. Never attempt to approach, feed, or handle these animals; they are wild. While they possess defensive capabilities, binturongs pose no significant threat to humans if left undisturbed.