Amur honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii) is an invasive shrub commonly found throughout much of North America, particularly in the eastern and Midwestern United States. This plant, originally introduced from eastern Asia in the late 1800s for ornamental purposes and erosion control, has spread aggressively. With its widespread presence, a frequent question arises regarding the edibility of its berries.
The Edibility Verdict
Amur honeysuckle berries are not safe for human consumption and are toxic. Ingesting them can lead to adverse health effects. While birds readily consume these berries, this does not indicate they are safe for people.
The berries contain compounds like saponins and carotenoid pigments, which cause irritating effects on the digestive system. These substances can lead to gastrointestinal disturbances. Despite their appealing red-orange appearance, consumption of Amur honeysuckle berries should be avoided.
Recognizing Amur Honeysuckle
Identifying Amur honeysuckle is important to prevent accidental ingestion, especially when berries ripen in late summer and fall. This deciduous shrub grows as a multi-stemmed plant, reaching 6 to 20 feet, often with arching branches.
Its leaves are oppositely arranged, oval to elliptical with pointed tips. They are dark green above and lighter underneath, often remaining on the plant later into fall than many native species. In late spring, fragrant, tubular flowers appear in pairs from leaf axils, starting white and fading to yellow.
The most noticeable feature, especially in late summer and fall, is the abundance of small, round berries. These bright red to orange-red berries are about 0.25 inches in diameter, often occur in pairs, and can persist throughout winter.
Understanding the Health Implications
Ingestion of Amur honeysuckle berries primarily results in gastrointestinal symptoms. These commonly include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Symptom severity varies with the amount consumed and individual sensitivity.
While generally not life-threatening for adults, larger quantities may lead to more pronounced effects. Children, due to smaller body mass, are more vulnerable and may experience more severe reactions. Symptoms typically manifest shortly after ingestion.
What to Do in Case of Exposure
If Amur honeysuckle berries are accidentally ingested, seek immediate medical guidance. Contact a poison control center or emergency services. The national Poison Control Center hotline (1-800-222-1222) is available 24/7 for expert advice.
When contacting poison control, provide information such as the amount consumed, time of ingestion, and any observed symptoms. Do not induce vomiting unless instructed by a medical professional. If possible, saving a plant or berry sample can assist medical personnel in identification and determining the appropriate course of action.