Alates, the winged form of certain insects, often raise concerns about potential harm. These flying creatures are a natural part of the life cycle of various social insects. Understanding their role can alleviate anxieties, as their direct threat to people or property varies significantly depending on the species.
Understanding Alates
The term “alate” refers to the winged, reproductive form of social insects, primarily ants and termites. These individuals emerge from mature colonies for a “nuptial flight” or swarming event. Their purpose is to mate and disperse, establishing new colonies. This temporary life stage occurs when environmental conditions are favorable.
Direct Threat to People and Pets
Alates, from either ant or termite colonies, are not harmful to humans or pets. They do not bite or sting unless provoked. If a bite or sting occurs, such as from certain ant alates like fire ants, effects are usually minor, like a small red bump or mild irritation. Termite alates are not known to bite or sting humans. Their focus during this brief winged stage is solely on reproduction and finding a new nesting site.
Property Damage Concerns
While alates themselves do not directly cause property damage, their presence, especially indoors, indicates an existing insect colony. Termite alates signal a mature termite colony nearby, or potentially within the structure. These winged termites are reproductive, but worker termites cause structural damage by consuming wood. Termites cause billions in property damage annually in the United States.
The implications of seeing alates depend on the insect type. Termite alates indoors strongly suggest an active infestation requiring professional attention. Ant alates, while some species like carpenter ants can damage wood, often indicate a nuisance colony rather than a direct threat to structural integrity. Identifying the alate type is important for assessing property risk.
Identifying Alates
Distinguishing between ant and termite alates is important. Termite alates have straight, bead-like antennae, two pairs of wings equal in length, and a broad, unconstricted waist. Their wings are often longer than their bodies. In contrast, ant alates have elbowed or bent antennae, a distinctly pinched waist, and front wings longer than hind wings.
Next Steps When You See Alates
If you encounter alates, especially indoors, observe them calmly. Try to capture a specimen for identification, as distinguishing between ant and termite alates is crucial for next steps. If termite alates are identified indoors, or a large swarm is present, this indicates an established colony and potential infestation. Contacting a pest control professional promptly is recommended for an inspection and to discuss treatment options.