Anthuriums are popular houseplants known for their vibrant, often heart-shaped leaves and unique flowers. It is common for these plants to develop roots that grow above the soil line, which can initially seem concerning to new plant owners. These visible roots are a natural and healthy aspect of anthurium growth. Understanding their purpose and care helps ensure your anthurium thrives.
Understanding Anthurium Aerial Roots
Aerial roots are specialized roots that grow from the stem of a plant, extending into the air rather than into the soil. Anthuriums, in their native tropical environments, are often epiphytic or hemiepiphytic plants, meaning they naturally grow on other plants or surfaces like trees and rocks. In these natural settings, aerial roots serve several important functions. They help the anthurium anchor itself to supports, providing stability as the plant climbs towards filtered sunlight in the dense canopy. These roots are also adept at absorbing moisture and nutrients directly from the humid air, rain, and accumulated debris. Even indoors, where they may not have trees to climb, anthuriums retain this instinct to produce aerial roots, which continue to assist in moisture and nutrient absorption from the surrounding atmosphere.
Are Exposed Roots a Problem
Seeing roots emerge above the soil is generally a positive sign for an anthurium. The presence of aerial roots suggests the plant is effectively utilizing atmospheric moisture and nutrients. In some cases, an increase in aerial root development might suggest the plant is seeking additional moisture or nutrients if its soil or humidity conditions are less than ideal. However, exposed roots are typically not a problem unless they appear dry, shriveled, or discolored, which could indicate low humidity or other environmental stress. While an abundance of aerial roots can occur if a plant is becoming root-bound, this is usually accompanied by other indicators, such as stunted growth. Healthy aerial roots are firm and appear vibrant, distinguishing them from roots that might signal rot in the soil.
Caring for Anthurium Aerial Roots
Caring for anthurium aerial roots primarily involves maintaining appropriate humidity levels, as they are designed to absorb moisture from the air. Regular misting of the roots a few times a week can provide beneficial hydration, especially in dry indoor environments. Placing the plant on a pebble tray filled with water, ensuring the pot does not sit directly in the water, can also increase localized humidity around the roots. Some anthurium species prefer humidity levels between 60-80%, with flowering varieties tolerating around 50%. It is generally recommended to avoid cutting healthy aerial roots, as they contribute to the plant’s well-being and can cause unnecessary stress. If the roots become aesthetically displeasing, they can sometimes be gently guided back into the potting mix or trained onto a moss pole or trellis, providing natural support.
When to Consider Repotting
While some aerial roots are a normal part of an anthurium’s growth, an excessive number, combined with other specific signs, can indicate that the plant is ready for repotting. If the plant’s growth appears stunted, or if new leaves are not growing to their typical size, it might suggest the plant is root-bound and needs more space. Another clear sign is when roots are visibly circling at the bottom of the pot or growing extensively through the drainage holes, indicating the current pot is too small to accommodate the root system. If the plant requires very frequent watering because the soil dries out rapidly, or if the pot feels exceptionally firm, the root ball has taken up most of the available space. Repotting allows for fresh, well-draining potting mix and provides room for the root system to expand; anthuriums generally benefit from this every two to three years.