Monitoring blood sugar levels provides insights into overall health. Various metrics assess how the body manages glucose over time. This article clarifies the connection between average blood sugar readings and a long-term indicator, helping to interpret what these values mean for your health.
Understanding HbA1c
The HbA1c test measures glycated hemoglobin, formed when glucose attaches to hemoglobin in red blood cells. Red blood cells live for about two to three months, so the HbA1c test provides an average picture of blood sugar levels over this period. This long-term perspective is important because daily readings fluctuate based on diet and activity. The HbA1c test offers a stable view, useful for diagnosing and managing conditions like prediabetes and diabetes.
Understanding Estimated Average Glucose (eAG)
Estimated Average Glucose (eAG) is a calculated value that translates the HbA1c percentage into units familiar to those who monitor their blood sugar. It is expressed in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) or millimoles per liter (mmol/L), similar to readings from a standard blood glucose meter. This conversion makes the long-term HbA1c result easier to understand with daily glucose monitoring. The eAG estimates average glucose levels over two to three months.
Converting Estimated Average Glucose to HbA1c
The relationship between eAG and HbA1c allows for conversion between the two values. A formula to convert HbA1c percentage to eAG in mg/dL is: eAG (mg/dL) = (28.7 × HbA1c) – 46.7. Using this formula, an eAG of 139 mg/dL corresponds to an HbA1c of approximately 6.5%. This conversion provides a clearer understanding of long-term blood sugar control.
Interpreting Your HbA1c Results
HbA1c results are categorized into ranges indicating blood sugar control. An HbA1c level below 5.7% is considered normal. Levels between 5.7% and 6.4% suggest prediabetes, meaning blood sugar levels are higher than normal but not yet in the diabetes range. An HbA1c of 6.5% or higher diagnoses diabetes. These ranges provide guidelines for assessing health status, but individual circumstances should be discussed with a healthcare professional for precise diagnosis and personalized advice.
Managing Blood Sugar and HbA1c Levels
Maintaining healthy blood sugar and HbA1c levels often involves lifestyle strategies. A balanced nutrition plan, focusing on whole foods and appropriate portion sizes, can impact glucose regulation. Regular physical activity, such as brisk walking, helps the body utilize glucose more effectively. Achieving and maintaining a healthy weight supports metabolic health and contributes to better blood sugar control.
For some individuals, medication may also be a component of their management plan. Consulting a healthcare provider is important for personalized guidance and a tailored plan.