Blood sugar, also known as blood glucose, is a simple sugar derived from the carbohydrates in the food you consume. It serves as the body’s main source of energy, fueling functions such as thinking, moving, and breathing. Blood glucose travels through the bloodstream to reach cells, where the hormone insulin, produced by the pancreas, facilitates its entry for energy use. Maintaining balanced blood sugar levels is important for bodily function, as both excessively high or low levels can lead to health problems. A reading of 210 mg/dL warrants careful attention to understand its implications.
Understanding a 210 Blood Sugar Reading
A blood sugar reading of 210 mg/dL (milligrams per deciliter) is considered high. For healthy individuals, a normal fasting blood sugar level, taken after at least 8 hours without food, typically ranges from 70 to 99 mg/dL. Two hours after eating, a normal blood sugar level is generally less than 140 mg/dL.
A random blood sugar reading of 200 mg/dL or higher suggests the possibility of diabetes. A fasting blood glucose test between 100 and 125 mg/dL indicates prediabetes. A fasting level of 126 mg/dL or higher, on two separate tests, usually signifies diabetes. The interpretation of a 210 mg/dL reading depends on whether it was a fasting or random measurement, as random readings can fluctuate more based on recent food intake.
Common Causes of Elevated Blood Sugar
Several factors can lead to an elevated blood sugar reading. Dietary choices are important, particularly a high intake of carbohydrates, especially refined sugars and processed foods, which can cause rapid spikes in blood glucose levels. A lack of regular physical activity also contributes to higher blood sugar, as exercise helps improve the body’s sensitivity to insulin and its ability to utilize glucose.
Emotional or physical stress can increase the production of hormones that elevate blood glucose. Illnesses or infections can also cause blood sugar levels to rise due to the release of stress hormones. Certain medications, including corticosteroids, diuretics, and some blood pressure medications, are known to increase blood sugar levels as a side effect.
Immediate Steps and When to Seek Medical Attention
Upon receiving a blood sugar reading of 210 mg/dL, retest to confirm the measurement and stay well-hydrated by drinking water or other sugar-free liquids. Avoiding further intake of sugary foods and refined carbohydrates can help prevent additional spikes.
It is important to consult a healthcare professional for diagnosis and guidance if blood sugar levels remain consistently high. Seek prompt medical attention if you experience symptoms such as increased thirst, frequent urination, blurred vision, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, shortness of breath, or fruity-smelling breath. These symptoms, especially with blood sugar levels above 240 mg/dL, may indicate diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), which requires emergency care.
Strategies for Long-Term Blood Sugar Management
Maintaining healthy blood sugar levels over time involves adopting lifestyle strategies. Balanced nutrition is a primary focus, emphasizing whole foods rich in fiber, lean proteins, and healthy fats, while limiting processed sugars and refined carbohydrates. Portion control and eating at consistent times can also help stabilize blood glucose.
Regular physical activity is beneficial, as it helps muscles use glucose more efficiently and improves insulin sensitivity, lowering blood sugar levels. Even moderate activities like walking, swimming, or cycling for at least 150 minutes per week can make a difference. Incorporating strength training a few times a week also builds muscle mass, assisting the body in burning glucose effectively.
Stress management techniques, such as mindfulness or breathing exercises, can help regulate blood sugar, as high levels of the stress hormone cortisol can increase glucose. Adequate sleep, aiming for seven to nine hours nightly, is also important, as poor sleep has been linked to insulin resistance and higher blood sugar levels. Consistent monitoring of blood sugar levels and regular medical check-ups allow healthcare providers to fine-tune treatment plans and address any fluctuations.