Dizziness is a common sensation, often described as feeling unsteady, woozy, or faint. While various underlying conditions can cause dizziness, one common over-the-counter medication, Dramamine, is frequently used to alleviate specific forms of this symptom.
How Dramamine Works
Dramamine’s primary active ingredient is dimenhydrinate, a compound derived from diphenhydramine and 8-chlorotheophylline. The therapeutic effects largely stem from the diphenhydramine component, which functions as an H1 histamine receptor antagonist. This action primarily targets the vestibular system within the inner ear, which is responsible for maintaining balance and spatial orientation. By inhibiting the stimulation of these receptors, dimenhydrinate helps to reduce the conflicting signals sent to the brain that can cause sensations of motion sickness, including dizziness. Dimenhydrinate also possesses anticholinergic properties, which contribute to its antiemetic effects by reducing nerve impulses that trigger nausea and vomiting. The 8-chlorotheophylline component, a mild stimulant, is thought to counteract some of the sedative effects of diphenhydramine. However, drowsiness remains a common side effect of Dramamine due to its overall central nervous system depressant actions.
Dizziness It Relieves
Dramamine is primarily indicated for the prevention and treatment of dizziness associated with motion sickness. This includes common scenarios such as car sickness, sea sickness, and air sickness, where the discrepancy between visual input and inner ear signals can lead to feelings of unsteadiness, nausea, and vomiting. It can be taken before travel to help prevent these symptoms from developing.
The medication is also used to provide symptomatic relief for certain forms of vertigo, which is a sensation of spinning or whirling. This can include dizziness experienced with conditions like Meniere’s disease, although its use for such conditions is often considered off-label or for symptom management rather than a cure. Dramamine is not effective for all types of dizziness. Dizziness caused by dehydration, low blood sugar, or severe underlying medical conditions, such as neurological issues, heart problems, or stroke, will not be relieved by Dramamine.
Important Considerations
For adults and children 12 years and older, the typical dose is 50 to 100 milligrams every four to six hours, not exceeding 400 milligrams in a 24-hour period. Children aged 6 to under 12 years can take 25 to 50 milligrams every six to eight hours, with a maximum of 150 milligrams in 24 hours. For children 2 to under 6 years, the dosage is generally 12.5 to 25 milligrams every six to eight hours, not to exceed 75 milligrams daily. To prevent motion sickness, the first dose should be taken 30 to 60 minutes before the activity. Dramamine should not be given to children under two years of age unless directed by a healthcare professional.
Common side effects of Dramamine include drowsiness, dry mouth, and blurred vision. Other possible effects can include headache, constipation, ringing in the ears, or mild incoordination. It is advisable to avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until you understand how Dramamine affects you, as it can impair judgment and coordination. Alcohol consumption should be avoided while taking Dramamine, as it can intensify sedative effects and increase the risk of adverse reactions.
Individuals with glaucoma, an enlarged prostate, or breathing problems such as asthma or emphysema should consult a doctor before use. People with heart disease, high blood pressure, liver disease, or a history of seizures should also seek medical advice. Dramamine can interact with other central nervous system depressants, including opioids, benzodiazepines, sleep aids, and other antihistamines, potentially leading to increased sedation. It may also mask signs of inner ear damage if taken with ototoxic drugs.
When to Consult a Doctor
Seek medical attention if dizziness is sudden and severe, or if it is accompanied by:
- Severe headache or chest pain
- Changes in vision like double vision or sudden blurring
- Weakness or numbness in the arms, legs, or face
- Difficulty speaking or slurred speech
- Rapid or irregular heartbeat
- Shortness of breath
- Fainting or seizures
- Persistent or worsening dizziness, even if mild, or dizziness that keeps recurring without a clear cause
- Dizziness occurs after a head injury
- You are an older adult over 65