Many individuals experience increased urination when constipated. This connection might seem puzzling, given the distinct functions of the digestive and urinary systems. This phenomenon reflects a genuine interaction within the body, clarifying why these seemingly separate issues can influence each other.
How Constipation Affects Urination
The anatomical arrangement of pelvic organs explains the connection between constipation and increased urination. The rectum, the final section of the large intestine where stool collects before a bowel movement, sits directly in front of the sacrum and coccyx bones and behind the bladder in males. In females, the uterus is positioned between the rectum and bladder. The close proximity means that when the rectum becomes distended with accumulated stool due to constipation, it can exert pressure on the adjacent bladder.
This external pressure can reduce the functional capacity of the bladder, meaning it cannot hold as much urine as it normally would before signaling the need to empty. Studies show that rectal distension significantly lowers the bladder volumes at which a person first feels the desire to urinate, and also the volume at which a strong urge is felt. This can lead to more frequent trips to the restroom, even if only small amounts of urine are released.
The bladder and bowel share common nerve pathways that communicate with the brain. These shared neural connections mean that irritation or pressure in one organ can influence the sensations and function of the other. For instance, the pelvic plexus supplies nerves to both the rectum and the bladder. When the rectum is distended, these shared nerves can become irritated, contributing to the sensation of needing to urinate more often, even if the bladder itself isn’t completely full.
Managing Symptoms and When to Consult a Doctor
Addressing constipation can alleviate associated urinary symptoms. General strategies for promoting regular bowel movements include ensuring adequate fluid intake, as water helps soften stools, and consuming a fiber-rich diet. Incorporating whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and legumes can add bulk to stool, making it easier to pass. Regular physical activity also stimulates intestinal muscles, aiding the movement of stool through the digestive system.
These home remedies can be effective, but it is important to seek medical attention if constipation persists or is accompanied by concerning urinary changes. Consult a doctor if you observe blood in your urine, experience pain during urination, or develop new pain in your side, lower abdomen, or groin. Consult a healthcare provider if constipation does not improve with lifestyle changes, or if you experience unexpected weight loss or changes in bowel habits.