Experiencing discomfort with braces is a common and expected part of the journey toward a straighter smile. This soreness often arises during initial placement and following routine adjustments. While mild to moderate discomfort is typical as teeth shift, persistent or severe pain is less common and may signal a different issue. Various strategies can help manage and relieve this discomfort.
Why Braces Cause Discomfort
Braces work by applying continuous, gentle pressure to gradually move teeth into their desired positions within the jawbone. This mechanical force triggers a biological response in the surrounding periodontal ligaments and bone. As teeth shift, the ligaments that hold them in place stretch and compress, which can lead to inflammation and soreness, particularly in the first few days after braces are placed or adjusted. This discomfort subsides as the mouth adapts to the new forces.
Beyond the movement of teeth, the physical components of braces can also cause irritation. Brackets and wires can rub against the soft tissues inside the mouth. This friction can lead to small sores or ulcers. Eating certain foods can also exacerbate pain; hard or sticky items can put excessive pressure on sensitive teeth and even damage the braces.
Occasionally, discomfort can stem from issues with the braces themselves. A loose bracket or a broken wire can poke or cut the inside of the mouth, causing sharp pain and irritation. Such mechanical problems can hinder treatment progress and require attention to prevent further discomfort or injury.
Strategies for Pain Relief
Managing discomfort from braces often begins with over-the-counter pain relievers. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen can reduce pain and inflammation in the periodontal ligaments around the teeth. Acetaminophen is another option, especially for those who cannot take NSAIDs, though it primarily targets pain rather than inflammation. Always follow the dosage instructions on the medication packaging.
Adopting a soft food diet is a practical way to minimize pain, particularly during the first few days after placement or adjustments. Foods such as yogurt, mashed potatoes, soups, and smoothies reduce the need for chewing, thereby lessening pressure on sensitive teeth. Applying a cold compress or ice pack to the outside of the cheek can also help by numbing the area and constricting blood vessels, which reduces swelling and discomfort.
For irritation caused by brackets or wires rubbing against soft tissues, orthodontic wax offers a protective barrier. A small piece of wax can be molded and pressed onto the offending part of the brace, creating a smooth surface that prevents friction. Rinsing the mouth with a warm saltwater solution (one teaspoon of salt in eight ounces of lukewarm water) can soothe irritated gums and promote the healing of small sores. Maintaining good oral hygiene with gentle brushing and flossing is also important to prevent food accumulation and maintain gum health.
When to Contact Your Orthodontist
While many discomforts from braces can be managed at home, certain situations warrant contacting your orthodontist. Severe or persistent pain that does not improve after a few days with home remedies could indicate a more serious underlying issue, such as an infection or misaligned appliance. Professional intervention is necessary to identify and correct the problem.
Physical damage to the braces also requires professional attention. If a wire breaks or becomes loose and is poking or causing significant irritation, or if a bracket detaches from a tooth, contact your orthodontist. Attempting to fix these issues yourself can sometimes cause further damage to the appliance or the mouth.
Other signs that necessitate a call to your orthodontist include swelling, signs of infection like pus around the gums, or unusual sores in the mouth that are not healing. Difficulty eating or speaking that persists due to pain or issues with the braces should also be reported. Any concerns about the fit or function of your braces warrant a consultation to ensure your treatment progresses safely and effectively.