A nosebleed occurs when delicate blood vessels inside the nose become damaged and bleed. These common events can be alarming, and misconceptions about managing them often lead to improper first aid, which can worsen the situation.
Why Tilting Your Head Back Is Harmful
Tilting your head backward during a nosebleed is a common but harmful practice. This action redirects blood flow from the nose down the throat, making it difficult to assess blood loss. Swallowing blood can lead to nausea, stomach irritation, and vomiting. Vomiting can increase pressure in the blood vessels, potentially worsening the bleeding or causing it to restart.
A more serious risk of tilting the head back is the possibility of aspirating blood into the lungs. Aspiration means blood could enter the airway, which could lead to choking or respiratory issues. Directing blood out of the nose allows for better monitoring and prevents internal complications.
Proper Nosebleed First Aid
Correct first aid steps can quickly stop a nosebleed. Sit upright and lean your head slightly forward. This posture helps to prevent blood from flowing down your throat and reduces blood pressure in the nasal vessels. Pinch the soft part of your nose just below the bony bridge, closing both nostrils.
Maintain continuous pressure on your nostrils for 10 to 15 minutes, breathing through your mouth during this time. It is important to avoid checking the nose to see if the bleeding has stopped before the full time has passed, as this can disrupt clot formation. Applying a cold compress or ice pack to the bridge of the nose or forehead can also help to constrict blood vessels and aid in stopping the bleeding.
When to Consult a Doctor
While most nosebleeds resolve with proper first aid, certain situations warrant medical attention. Seek emergency care if the bleeding does not stop after 15 to 20 minutes of continuous direct pressure, or if it restarts after a second attempt of 10 to 15 minutes. Immediate medical assessment is necessary if the blood loss is very heavy, or if a significant amount of blood, such as more than a cup, is lost.
Consult a doctor if the nosebleed occurs following a head injury or a fall. Difficulty breathing, feeling weak, dizzy, or faint alongside a nosebleed also requires prompt medical evaluation. Frequent nosebleeds, especially if you are taking blood-thinning medications or have a known bleeding disorder, should be discussed with a healthcare provider.