A pulse is the rhythmic throbbing of an artery as blood is propelled by each heartbeat. This palpable sensation indicates heart rate, reflecting the number of times the heart beats per minute. Assessing the pulse offers insights into cardiovascular function and overall health. Knowing how to locate and feel the pulse is a useful skill.
Primary Pulse Locations
The body offers several accessible points where arteries run close to the skin’s surface. The radial artery is a commonly used site, found on the thumb side of the wrist. To locate it, turn one hand palm-up, then place the index and middle fingers in the groove between the wrist bone and the tendon, just below the base of the thumb.
The carotid artery provides a strong pulse on either side of the neck, next to the windpipe. To find it, position the index and middle fingers in the soft groove on one side of the neck, slightly below the jawline. This artery is a major vessel supplying blood to the brain.
The brachial artery is another site, situated on the inside of the upper arm, between the elbow and shoulder. Its pulse can be felt on the inner side of the bicep muscle, near the elbow crease. This location is frequently used in clinical settings, such as when measuring blood pressure.
How to Measure Pulse
To measure a pulse, use the pads of your index and middle fingers, avoiding the thumb, which has its own pulse and could lead to an inaccurate reading. Apply gentle, but firm, pressure to the chosen pulse point until a rhythmic throbbing sensation is felt. Pressing too hard can obstruct blood flow and make the pulse difficult to detect.
Once the pulse is located, count the beats for a specific duration. Counting for 30 seconds and multiplying by two provides a common and generally accurate heart rate per minute. For a more precise assessment, especially if the rhythm feels irregular, counting for a full 60 seconds is recommended. Beyond just the count, observe the pulse’s characteristics, such as its rhythm and strength.
Choosing the Right Location
Selecting the most suitable location depends on the situation and purpose. For self-monitoring and routine checks, the radial artery at the wrist is often preferred due to its accessibility and non-invasive nature. It is easy to find and provides reliable information about heart rate and rhythm.
In circumstances requiring a quick assessment, such as in emergencies or when other pulses are difficult to find, the carotid artery in the neck is commonly used because its pulse is strong. However, exercise caution when checking the carotid pulse; never press on both sides of the neck simultaneously, as this can reduce blood flow to the brain and potentially cause dizziness or fainting. The best location ultimately varies with the individual’s condition and the specific information sought.