After wisdom teeth removal, oral surgeons often use dissolvable stitches to close the incision and help the wound heal properly. These specialized sutures are designed to gradually break down and disappear on their own, eliminating the need for a separate removal procedure. Their primary purpose is to stabilize the gum tissue, protect the extraction site, and aid in the formation of a blood clot.
Dissolution Timeline
Dissolvable stitches typically begin to disintegrate within a few days to a couple of weeks after wisdom teeth extraction. While some stitches may start to loosen around 7 to 10 days, complete dissolution can take up to a month or even longer. The specific timeframe depends on the type of absorbable suture material used.
For example, plain gut sutures often dissolve within 5 to 7 days, while chromic gut sutures may last 10 to 14 days or even up to 2 to 3 weeks. Synthetic absorbable sutures like polyglycolic acid (PGA) generally dissolve within one to two weeks, though some synthetic materials can take several weeks or even months for full absorption. Many dissolvable stitches in the mouth may fall out well before they are fully absorbed by the body.
Factors Influencing Dissolution
Several elements contribute to how quickly or slowly dissolvable stitches break down in the mouth. Different materials are designed with varying degradation rates.
An individual’s unique healing rate and metabolic processes also play a role in the dissolution timeline. The enzymes present in saliva specifically help in the breakdown of these stitches. Oral hygiene practices and the overall health of the surgical site can influence dissolution, as a clean environment promotes healthy healing. Additionally, the extent of the extraction procedure, the size of the stitch, and the location of the wound can all affect how long the sutures remain in place.
What to Expect and How to Care
As the dissolvable stitches begin to break down, it is common to notice small pieces of suture material coming out of your mouth. This is a normal part of the dissolution process and is generally not a reason for concern. You might experience mild discomfort or a sensation of looseness as the stitches start to disappear.
To care for the surgical site while the stitches are present and dissolving, maintain good oral hygiene without disturbing the area directly. After the first 24 hours, gently rinse your mouth with warm salt water; avoid vigorous swishing or spitting, instead allowing the water to fall out of your mouth. It is advisable to stick to soft foods for the first few days to prevent irritation or damage to the stitches and the healing wound. Your dentist may recommend avoiding brushing or flossing directly at the extraction site for a few days to a week.
When to Contact Your Dentist
While some discomfort and swelling are expected after wisdom teeth removal, certain signs warrant immediate contact with your dental professional. These include persistent or worsening pain that is not relieved by medication, or swelling that increases after the initial 48 hours. The presence of pus or any unusual discharge from the extraction site is also a clear indication of a potential infection.
Other concerning symptoms include a foul odor or persistent bad taste in your mouth, a fever above 101°F, or difficulty opening your mouth. If you experience continuous bleeding that does not stop after 24 hours, or if your stitches come out very early and the wound reopens, it is important to seek prompt advice. Do not attempt to remove or trim loose stitches yourself, as this can lead to complications.