Wisdom tooth extraction is a common oral surgical procedure. Proper post-operative care, especially oral hygiene, is important for a smooth recovery and to prevent potential complications. Understanding appropriate oral care at each recovery stage helps ensure a successful outcome.
Immediate Post-Extraction Care
The initial 24 hours after wisdom tooth extraction are crucial for healing. During this time, a blood clot must form and stabilize in the tooth socket. This clot protects exposed bone and nerve endings, forming the foundation for new tissue growth and guarding against infection. Disrupting this delicate clot can lead to dry socket.
To protect the blood clot, avoid vigorous actions like rinsing, forceful spitting, or drinking through a straw. Suction from these actions can dislodge the clot, exposing bone and delaying healing. Also, refrain from smoking and consuming alcohol for at least the first 24 to 48 hours to prevent complications and support clot stability.
Introducing Mouthwash
After the initial 24 hours, gentle mouth rinsing can be introduced to maintain cleanliness and support healing. A warm salt water solution is commonly recommended. Prepare this by dissolving about half to one teaspoon of salt in a glass of warm (not hot) tap water.
Warm salt water rinses act as a natural antiseptic, cleansing the mouth by removing debris and bacteria from the extraction site. They also soothe irritation, reduce swelling, and promote healing. In some cases, a dentist might prescribe an antimicrobial mouthwash, such as chlorhexidine gluconate. If prescribed, follow the dentist’s instructions on when to start and how to use it, as it may be recommended after 24 or 48 hours.
Gentle Rinsing Techniques
Once rinsing is permitted, the technique is important to avoid dislodging the healing blood clot. Use a gentle approach instead of vigorous swishing or forceful spitting. For a warm salt water rinse, take a small sip and gently tilt your head, allowing the liquid to flow over the extraction site without active swishing.
After allowing the rinse to cover the area for about 30 seconds, let the liquid passively fall out into the sink. Do not spit forcefully. Rinsing is recommended after meals and before bedtime, 3 to 5 times a day for several days to a week. This frequency keeps the surgical area clean from food particles and bacteria, preventing infection.
Continued Care and What to Watch For
Continue gentle mouthwash rinses, especially with warm salt water, for about a week or as long as recommended by your oral surgeon. This sustained hygiene keeps the extraction site clean as it heals. Resume regular brushing of other teeth the day after surgery, using a soft-bristled toothbrush. Gently brush around, but not directly on, the surgical area for the first few days to a week.
Throughout recovery, monitor for signs of complications requiring immediate attention from your dentist or oral surgeon. Persistent or severe pain worsening a few days after surgery, especially if radiating to the ear, eye, temple, or neck, could indicate dry socket. Other warning signs include a foul odor or bad taste, excessive bleeding, swelling increasing after 2-3 days, or pus, which may signal infection. Contact your dental professional promptly if any of these symptoms arise for appropriate treatment.